The heart and peripheral vascular system Flashcards
What artery has the most deoxygenated blood in the body?
pulmonary artery
What vessel brings the blood back into the heart?
Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae
What vein has the most OXYGENATED blood in the whole body?
pulmonary vein
What side is the pulmonic semilunar valve on?
Right
What side is the aortic semilunar valve on?
Left
What AV valve is on the right side of the heart?
tricuspid
What AV valve is on the left side of the heart?
mitral
What are Intercostal spaces?
the spaces between the ribs
What is the midclavicular line?
the “line” between the middle of the clavicle (collar bone)
The aortic semilunar valve is found at the ____Intercostal space (ICS) at the ________ sternal border (SB)
2nd
Right
The pulmonic semilunar valve is found at the ____Intercostal space (ICS) at the ________ sternal border (SB)
2nd
Left
Where is the tricuspid AV valve found?
on the left side near the lower Sternal Border (SB)
Where is the mitral AV valve found?
at the 5th Intercostal space at the left midclavicular line (MCL)
PMI
point of max impulse
What is arcus senilis?
white arc over the iris; hypercholesterolemia in a younger person
What is xanthomata?
hard masses on tendons; pathognomonic for familial hypercholesterolemia
What are 4 things you need to inspect concerning the heart and peripheral vascular system?
- color of skin & nails
- respiratory patterns
- arcus senilis
- xanthomata
What is the S1?
normal, systole closure of the AV valves loudest at the apex (bottom) of the heart you feel only one beat, but you hear 2! This generates the PULSE
What is a blowing, swooshing sound that occurs with turbulent blood flow?
Heart murmur
What is the S2?
normal, diastole
closure of the semilunar valves
loudest at the best (top) of the heart
What is the S3?
can be NORMAL in children & adults <40;
due to volume overload or HF
found in high CO in the absence of heart disease
disappears when these conditions are correlated
heard best when patient is on left side
What part of the stethoscope usually picks up the HIGHER pitched side?
Diaphragm (larger circle)
What part of the stethoscope usually picks up the lower pitched sounds?
bell
smaller circle
What drugs can cause heart palpitations?
bronchodilators antiarrhythmics sympathomimetics caffeine thyroid products
T/F? never take the carotid pulse from both carotid arteries at the same time.
True
Is the radial pulse location closer to the thumb or pinky finger?
THUMB
Where is the abdominal aorta pulse location?
halfway between the belly button and breast bone
Where is the femoral artery pulse location?
near the groin
Where is the popliteal artery pulse location?
behind the knee
Where is the dorsalis pedis (DP) pulse location?
on top of the foot
Where is the posterior tibial (PT) pulse location?
behind the inner ankle
What should we look out for in digoxin toxicity?
pulse is less than 60, confusion, nausea, light changes (halos around lights, seeing yellow/green in place of red/blue)
