Physical Assessment Flashcards
What is the resting pressure that the blood constantly exerts between each contraction?
Diastolic (DBP)
What is the maximum pressure felt on the artery during left ventricular contraction?
Systolic (SBP)
What is the difference between SBP and DBP and correlates with stroke volume?
Pulse Pressure
What is the pressure on the artery that increases if the heart pumps more blood into the artery?
Cardiac Output (CO)
What is the pressure needed to push blood through the artery and increases when the diameter of the artery decreases?
Vascular resistance
What is the pressure in the artery that increases when there is more blood/volume circulating in the body?
Volume
What is the pressure that increases when the thickness of the blood increases?
viscosity
What is the pressure needed to push blood through the artery that increases when the arterial walls are stiff and rigid?
Elasticity
What are 5 factors that determine blood pressure?
CO Vascular Resistance Volume Viscosity (can get thicker with too many RBCs) Elasticity
What increases with heavy exercise to meat body demand for increased metabolism?
CO
What decreases with pump failure such as weak pumping action after an MI or if in shock?
CO
What increases with VC and decreases with VD?
vascular resistance
BP varies with many factors such as. . .
age gender race diurnal rhythm weight exercise emotions stress
If the bp cuff is correctly inflated and there is no sound, what does that mean?
the cuff is cutting off the brachial artery flow so there should be no sound of blood flow
in phase 1, when you heart soft, clear tapping, increasing in intensity, what does this “mean”?
this is the systolic blood pressure (the true SBP is the very FIRST sound)
True or False? Streamlined blood flow is SILENT.
TRUE
What is the most common error in bp measurement?
deflating the cuff too quickly
If your patient is obese, and you do not have a large enough cuff, what can you do?
use forearm and listen to radial artery near wrist
If your patient has had a mastectomy on the right side, where do you take her bp?
use her left arm, not her right arm
What if your patient has had a double mastectomy, where do you take her bp?
on her leg and listen to the artery behind her knee
what is a normal pulse?
60-100 bpm
bradycardia is ___________ bpm
<60 bpm
tachycardia is ________ bpm
> 100 bpm
what is sinus arrhythmia?
when the pulse speeds up during inspiration and slows down during expiration
*this is common in people in their early 20’s
True or False? Like pulse, respirations decrease with age.
True
What are some factors that affect temperature?
diurnal rhythm ovulation exercise age hydration status (dehydrated=higher temperature)
In general, axillary temps are _______________ than the oral route.
one degree lower
In general, rectal temps are _______________ than the oral route.
one degree higher
In general, tympanic temps are _______________ than the oral route.
1/2 to 1 degree lower
