The Heart And Blood Vessels Flashcards
state the precise location and describe the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node
in the wall at the top right atrium
sends out electrical impulses to make the atria contract
state the precise location and describe the role of the atrioventricular (AV) node
in the septum across from the SA node
sends an impulse through the septum which causes the ventricles to contract
what exactly is being measured when someone’s blood pressure is being taken?
the force of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels
what is the pulse?
the alternate expansion and contraction of the arteries
what makes the wrist a suitable part of the body to detect a pulse?
the blood vessels are close to the skin
know the experiment on the effect of exercise on pulse rate
know the structure of the heart
where in the heart is the tricuspid valve?
the valve connecting the right atrium to the right ventricle
where in the heart is the semi lunar valve?
the valve between the septum wall and the wall of the left atrium, it connects the heart to the aorta
give a feature of a capillary which allows the rapid uptake of carbon dioxide
it is only one cell thick
carbon dioxide levels are usually higher in venous blood than in arterial blood, why is this the case?
venous blood takes the waste carbon dioxide to the heart to be pumped to the lungs, whereas arterial blood carries the blood full of oxygen away from the heart
briefly outline the role of carbon dioxide in the control of the human breathing rate
when there is more carbon dioxide in the body, the heart must pump faster in order to get rid of this waste. it sends more blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs which then excrete it in the form of breathing, causing us to breathe faster.
name the cavity of the body in which the heart and lungs are located
the chest, within the ribcage
state one way in which heart muscle differs from other muscles in the body
the heart is involuntary to the brain
the heart doesn’t tire due to its cardiac muscle
what effect does diet have on the circulatory system?
harmful fats can cause blockages in arteries, which can cause heart attacks and strokes
high salt intake can result in high blood pressure
being overweight can contribute to the risk of high blood pressure
what effect does exercise have on the circulatory system?
exercise enlarges and strengthens the heart
