Digestive System Flashcards
what is meant by the term “digestion”?
the physical and chemical breakdown of food
give 2 reasons why digestion is necessary
energy,
name and describe the method by which food is passed along the alimentary canal
peristalsis.
a wave of muscular action in the walls of the alimentary canal that moves the food along
name an enzyme that digests dietary protein
pepsin
where is this enzyme active?
the stomach
name the products formed by the complete digestion of a protein molecule
amino acids
give a detailed biological explanation for:
bile contains bile salts e.g sodium hydrogencarbonate
bile salts are alkaline, which neutralises chyme from the stomach
state 2 features that show how an intestinal villus absorbs soluble food
large numbers of villi (increase surface area)
walls are only 1 cell thick
explain the term “omnivorous”
animals that feed on both plants and animals
what is meant by a balanced diet?
a balanced diet contains all the necessary food types in the correct proportions
name 2 glands associated with the human alimentary canal
salivary glands
liver
name 2 parts of the small intestine
duodenum
ileum
name 2 parts of the large intestine
caecum
appendix
what is lipase?
lipase is a enzyme that breaks down lipids
give 1 part of the alimentary canal that secretes lipase
pancreas
