The Heart Flashcards
Location of heart
Mediastinum cavity (pericardial cavity)
Pulmonary circuit
O2 in, CO2 out
Systemic circuit
O2 out, CO2 in
Right atrium
Receives deoxygenated blood
Travel to it by superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
Then to right ventricle through tricuspid valve
Fossa ovalis
Once foremen ovale
Depression that fused to be a hole
Pectinate muscle
Ridges
Interatrial septum
Divider between atria
Atrioventricular valve
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Arrival through tricuspid valve
To pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary truck (circuit)
R and L pulmonary arteries
Lungs (arterioles, capillaries, venules)
R and L pulmonary veins
Arrival back at heart : left atrium
Left atrium (difference between right atrium)
Blood has more O2
No coronary sinus
Bicuspid valve or mitral valve
Next stop left ventricle
Left ventricle (what’s different from R)
Muscle wall is thicker
Aortic semilunar valve
Next stop aorta (systemic circuit)
Aorta
Ascending, arch, descending, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta
Branches of aorta
R & L coronary artery
Left subclavian
Brachioceohalic: goes to brachium and head
Left common carotid: blood to head
Ligamentum arteriosum:old branch, between pulmonary trunk and aortic arch
Where is the surface of the heart?
Between pulmonary trunk and aortic arch
Base and apex
Base is wide part of heart where vessels are
Sternocostal surface
Anterior side of heart
Diaphragm surface
Inferior surface of heart
Left and right surface
Lateral surface of heart
Vertebral surface
Posterior surface of heart
Coronary sulcus
Groove between artery and ventricles
Coronary sinus
Vein that lacks smooth muscle
Great cardiac vein
Coming from anterior surface
Small cardiac vein
Right on the side
Circumflex branch of
LCA
Interventricular sulci anterior
Anterior interventricular branch of LCA
Great cardiac vein starts here
Interventricular sulci posterior
Middle cardiac vein
Posterior interventricular branch of RCA
Pericardium
A sac for the hart
Dense fibrous CT
Areolar: loose fibrous layer
Mesothelium: simple squamous
Then the pericardial cavity and
Epicardium
Myocardium
Bulk of heart thickest layer
Endocardium
Endothelial
Areolar
Intercalated discs in heart muscle
Holds cells together
No triads In heart muscle
T tubules too short
Heart muscle is built for what?
Endurance
Which means lots of myoglobin, blood supple, mitochondria
Systole
Contraction, higher number, pressure of bv
Diastole
Relax
P wave
Atria contracts
QRS Complex
Ventricle contract, depolarize
Then t wave
Sinotrial node
Nodal nodes
Atrioventricular node
Resister, slows things down, spread from atria to ventricle
Atrioventricular bundles
Bundle of HIS
from atria to ventricles
Purkinje fibers
Go thru walls of ventricles
Fibrous skeleton
Acts as insulation
