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Exam 5 > The Digestive System > Flashcards

The Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Ingestion

A

Eating

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2
Q

Mechanical processing

A

Chewing

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3
Q

Digestion

A

Chemical reaction involving enzymes

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4
Q

Secretion

A

Enzymes

Putting things in that are useful to digestive process

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5
Q

Excretion

A

Through the liver

Gets rid of toxins

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6
Q

Absorption

A

Bring nutrients into blood stream

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7
Q

Compaction

A

Things you don’t absorb

Pressed together

Diarrhea

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8
Q

Peristalsis

A

Wave like contraction, propels things

Smooth muscle

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9
Q

Segmentation

A

Another word for digestion

Churning to mix contents for digestion

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10
Q

Intraperitoneal

A

Membrane that surrounds peritoneum

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11
Q

Retropeeitoneal

A

(Behind it)

Pancreas, duodenum, kidneys, ascending and descending colon

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12
Q

Parietal

A

Cover wall of cavity

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13
Q

Visceral

A

Covers organs and guts

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14
Q

Greater omentum

A

Greater curvature of stomach

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15
Q

Lesser omemtum

A

Lesser curvature up to liver

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16
Q

Transverse and sigmoid

A

Mesocolon

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17
Q

Mesentery

A

Encircles all of small intestine

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18
Q

Labial frenulum ligament

A

Labia (lips)

Mucus membrane

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19
Q

Palatoglossal arch

A

Closest to tongue

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20
Q

Palatoglossal pharynx

A

Closer to pharynx

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21
Q

Tongue

A

Lingual foramen

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22
Q

Parotid gland

A

Largest in cheeks

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23
Q

Submandibular

A

Below mandible

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24
Q

Sublingual

A

Below tongue

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25
Q

Fauces

A

Opening from oral cavity to pharynx

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26
Q

Lingual tonsil

A

Base of tongue

Protect from infection

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27
Q

Crown

A

Part of tooth above gingiva

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28
Q

Enamel

A

Hardest substance in body

Crystalyn

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29
Q

Dentin

A

Bone like
Underneath enamel
Bulk of tooth

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30
Q

Pulp

A

Soft part of tooth

CT, BV, stem cells maintain Dentin

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31
Q

Neck

A

Narrow of tooth

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32
Q

Root

A

Embedded in bone

Root canal

Apical foramen

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33
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

CT fibers from senentum to bones

34
Q

Incisors

A

Cutting teeth

35
Q

Cuspids

A

Canines

Tearing

36
Q

Bi and tricuspids

A

Grinding

37
Q

How many deciduous teeth?

A

20

38
Q

How many adult teeth?

A

32

39
Q

Arcade

A

Mamdicular and maxillary(inferior)

40
Q

Palatal

A

Towards palate

41
Q

Buccal

A

Outwards toward cheek

42
Q

Mesial

A

Toward incisors

43
Q

Distal

A

Toward molars

44
Q

Occlusal

A

Covers part that does all chewing

45
Q

Deglutition

A

Swallowing

Bolus

46
Q

Buccal phase

A

Voluntary

47
Q

Pharyngeal phase

A

Reflex

48
Q

Esophageal

A

Reflex to autonomic

49
Q

Rugae

A

Allows stomach to expand

50
Q

Mucosa

A

Simple columnar for secretion

51
Q

There’s no adventitia for

A

Serosa

Formation of chyme

52
Q

Chief cells

A

Pepsinogen

53
Q

G cells

A

Gastrin

54
Q

Parietal cells

A

HCL

55
Q

Duodenum

A

.25 m

Submucosal glands

Most chemical digestion

Major duodenal papilla:delivers material from
Pancreas:makes bicarbonate

56
Q

Jejunum

A

2.5 m

57
Q

Ileum

A

3.5m

Biggest

Peyers patches (B T cells): longest

58
Q

Mucosa

A

Simple columnar

Plica(folds) and villi(finger like extensions):increase surface area for absorption

Lacteals

59
Q

Submucosa

A

Submuscosal plexus

60
Q

Serosa

A

Holds it all together

61
Q

Brush border

A

Has small microvilli

Goblet cells

62
Q

Rectum

A

Anal canal

Anal columns

Anus

Internal and external anal sphincters

63
Q

Internal sphincters

A

Smooth muscle

64
Q

External sphincters

A

Skeletal muscle

65
Q

Large intestine

A

No villi

More lymphoid tissue

Mass peristalsis and segmentation

Water absorption

66
Q

Mass peristalsis

A

Occurs in larger intestine after a large meal

67
Q

Liver functions

A

Filters:nutrients, wastes, RBCs, and toxins

Produces blood proteins, urea, bile

68
Q

Right lobe of liver

A

Largest

69
Q

Left lobe of liver

A

Smaller

70
Q

Quadrate lobe of liver

A

4 sided

71
Q

Caudate

A

Tail

72
Q

Faliciform ligament

A

Help connect liver to diaphragm and coronary ligament

Round ligament: fetus

73
Q

Hepatic portal vein

A

Brings blood to liver for filtering

74
Q

Hepatic artery

A

O2 to liver

75
Q

Hepatic duct

A

Bike duct microscopically

76
Q

Hepatic lobule

Central vein

A

Cleans it out

Sinusoid capillaries

Hepatocytes

Kupffer cells

77
Q

Hepatocytes

A

Fixed macrophage

78
Q

Gallbladder

A

Concentrates

79
Q

Parts of gallbladder

A

Fundus

Body neck

Cystic duct:carries bile down common bike duct

80
Q

Bile pathway

A

R and L hepatic duct

Common hepatic duct

Common bile duct

81
Q

Pancreas

A

Enzymes

Produce hormones

Neutralize bicarbonate

Pancreatic duct

Acini

Pancreatic islets:hormones, insulin, glucogon

Exam 5 (4 decks)

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