the heart Flashcards
arteries
- small lumen: maintains blood pressure
- no valves: pressure is so strong blood can only flow one way
- high pressure
- smooth muscular wall: withstands pressure
- elastic fibres: allows stretching and recoiling for heartbeat
- high blood speed
veins
- largest lumen: low blood pressure
- valves: stop back flow
- skeletal muscles: surround them to help blood flow when they contract
- less elastic fibres and muscles: lower blood pressure
- slow blood speed
capillaries
- from arteries to veins
- low blood pressure
- very small lumen
- supply blood to organs
- one cell thick to aid diffusion
- gas exchange
valves
semi- lunar at pulmonary artery and aorta
bicuspid on the right (separates right atrium and ventricle)
tricuspid on the left (separates atrium and ventricle)
structure of heart
on the left of the page: right ventricle and atrium, deoxygenated
on the right: left ventricle and atrium, oxygenated
left has thicker walls and is bigger because it needs to generate more pressure to pump blood around the body
blood vessels in heart
aorta: top of left ventricle carries blood to body
pulmonary vein: connects to left atrium, carries blood from lungs to the heart
vena cava: top of right atrium, carries blood from body to heart
pulmonary artery: right ventricle, carries blood from heart to lungs
aorta
connects to hepatic artery, gastric artery, mesenteric artery and renal artery
blood vessel to liver
hepatic artery
blood vessel to stomach
gastric artery
blood vessel to intestines
mesenteric artery
blood vessel to other organs
renal artery
vena cava
connects to the renal vein and the hepatic vein which connects to the mesenteric vein
blood vessel away from liver
hepatic vein
blood vessel away from stomach and intestines
mesenteric vien
blood vessel away from other organs
renal vein
