uses of biological resources Flashcards
role of temp in glasshouses on growth
reaction controlled bye enzymes, so will increase rate to a certain point, then will denature
fertilisers
give plants the minerals they need eg phosphorus, potassium and nitrate
pesticides
poisonous to humans so used in controlled amounts
can harm other wildlife
need to be reapplied
but work effectively
biological control
using other organisms to control the number of pests
longer lasting
less harmful to wildlife
can become pests
production of yoghurt
equipment is sterilised to kill off unwanted microorganisms
milk pasteurised for the same reasons
lactobacillus bacteria added and mixture is incubated (around 40 degrees) in a fermenter
bacteria ferment lactose sugar to form lactic acid
lactic acid causes milk to clot and solidify
fermenters
grow useful bacteria at optimum levels to maximise yield
inlet pipe: feed in microorganisms and nutrients
air inlet pipe: provides air
Ph probe: monitors ph and keeps it at the optimum level to make sure enzymes work efficiently and maximise rate of reaction
temp probe: same as pH but to stop denaturing enzymes with a cooling jacket.
paddles: move to agitate microorganisms and keep them in contact with fresh medium so they can always access nutrients needed for growth
sterilised by steam or diluted bleach
genetic modification
DNA that will be inserted is cut out with a restriction enzyme (sticky ends)
the vector DNA is cut open with the same enzyme
the ligase binds the cut out DNA with the DNA of the vector
the recombinant DNA is inserted into other cells with the vector
the cell is now transgenic
vector types
plasmid
viruses
transgenic
the transfer of genetic material from one species to another
genetically modified plants advantages
- resistance to insects/ herbicides
- could affect other species
- could affect human health
