The Heart

Question 1

where is the heart located?

Answer 1

enclosed within the inferior mediastinum, the medial section of the thoracic cavity

Question 2

directed toward the left hip and rests on the diaphragm

Answer 2

apex

Question 3

its broad posterosuperior aspect points toward the right shoulder and lies beneath the second rib

Answer 3

base

Question 4

enclosed the heart, made up of three layers

Answer 4

Pericardium:
1 Fibrous Pericardium
2 Serous Pericardium
2.1 Parietal Pericardium
2.2 Visceral Pericardium/Epicardium

Question 5

outermost layer of the heart

Answer 5

Epicardium

Question 6

consist of thick bundles of cardiac muscle twisted and whorled into ringlike arrangements
layer that actually contracts

Answer 6

myocardium

Question 7

thin, glistening sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers

Answer 7

endocardium

Question 8

primary receiving chambers

Answer 8

superior atria

Question 9

discharging chambers or actual pumps of the heart

Answer 9

ventricles

Question 10

divides the atria

Answer 10

interatrial septum

Question 11

divides the ventricles

Answer 11

interventricular septum

Question 12

from the right ventricle to the lungs back to the left atrium

Answer 12

pulmonary circulation

Question 13

from the left ventricle through the body tissues and back to the right atrium

Answer 13

systemic circulation

Question 14

located between the atria and ventricles on each side, prevent backflow

Answer 14

atrioventricular valves

Question 15

left AV valve

Answer 15

bicuspid valve/ mitral valve

Question 16

right AV valve

Answer 16

tricuspid valve

Question 17

tiny white cords, tendinous cords

Answer 17

chordae tendineae

Question 18

guarda the bases of two large arteries leaving the ventricular chambers

Answer 18

semilunar valves
- pulmonary
- aortic

Question 19

enlarged vessel on the posterior of the heart

Answer 19

coronary sinus

Question 20

how many gallons of blood does the heart pumps?

Answer 20

1500 gallons

Question 21

built into the heart tissue and sets the basic rhythm

Answer 21

intrinsic conduction system/ nodal system

Question 22

crescent shaped node of tissue, located in the right atrium

Answer 22

sinoatrial node

Question 23

at the junction of the atria and ventricles

Answer 23

atrioventricular node

Question 24

spread within the myocardium of the ventricle walls

Answer 24

Purkinje fibers

Question 25

the clinical procedure for mapping the electrical activity of the heart

Answer 25

electrocardiography

Question 26

rapid heart rate

Answer 26

tachycardia

Question 27

heart rate that is substantially slower than normal

Answer 27

bradycardia

Question 28

heart contraction

Answer 28

systole

Question 29

heart relaxation

Answer 29

diastole

Question 30

one complete heartbeat

Answer 30

cardiac cycle

Question 31

the amount of blood pumped out by each side of the heart

Answer 31

cardiac output

Question 32

volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat

Answer 32

stroke volume

Question 33

normal adult blood volume

Answer 33

6,000 mL

Question 34

a healthy hearts pumps out about this percent of blood in its ventricle

Answer 34

60 %

Question 35

important factor stretching the heart muscle, the amount of blood entering the heart and distending its ventricles

Answer 35

venous return

Question 36

factors modifying basic heart rate

Answer 36

Neural (ANS) controls
Hormones and ions
Physical Factors