Blood Vessels

Question 1

a closed transport system

Answer 1

vascular system

Question 2

carries blood away from the heart

Answer 2

arteries

Question 3

carries blood towards the heart

Answer 3

veins

Question 4

smallest arteries

Answer 4

arterioles

Question 5

smallest veins

Answer 5

venules

Question 6

lines the lumen, or interior of the vessels, is a thin layer of endothelium

Answer 6

tunica intima

Question 7

bulky, middle layer of tunics, made up mostly of smooth muscle and elastic fibers

Answer 7

tunica media

Question 8

sheets of elastic tissue

Answer 8

elastic laminae

Question 9

the outermost tunic, composed largely of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 9

tunica externa

Question 10

the flow of blood from an arteriole to a venule - that is through a capillary bed

Answer 10

microcirculation

Question 11

a vessel that directly connects the arteriole and venule at opposite ends of the bed

Answer 11

vascular shunt

Question 12

a cuff of smooth muscle fibers, surrounds the root of each true capillary and act as a valve to regulate the flow of blood

Answer 12

precapillary sphincter

Question 13

the actual exchange vessels

Answer 13

true capillaries

Question 14

largest artery of the body

Answer 14

aorta

Question 15

the only branches of ascending aorta which serve the heart

Answer 15

right and left coronary artery

Question 16

the first branch off the aortic arch

Answer 16

brachiocephalic trunk

Question 17

veins draining the head and arms empty into the -

Answer 17

superior vena cava

Question 18

veins draining the lower body into the -

Answer 18

inferior vena cava

Question 19

arterial pulse, blood pressure measurements, respiratory rate, and body temperature

Answer 19

vital signs

Question 20

the alternating expansion and recoil of an artery that occurs with each beat of the left ventricle creates a pressure wave

Answer 20

pulse

Question 21

average pulse in a healthy resting person

Answer 21

70 to 76 beats per minute

Question 22

compressed to stop blood flow into distal tissues during significant blood loss or hemorrhage

Answer 22

pressure points

Question 23

pressure the blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels

Answer 23

blood pressure

Question 24

hardening of the arteries

Answer 24

arteriosclerosis

Question 25

the pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction

Answer 25

systolic pressure

Question 26

the pressure when the ventricles are relaxing

Answer 26

diastolic pressure

Question 27

normal blood pressure

Answer 27

120/80 mmHg

Question 28

procedure used to measure blood pressure in the brachial artery of the arm

Answer 28

auscultatory method

Question 29

the amount of friction the blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels

Answer 29

peripheral resistance

Question 30

narrowing of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure

Answer 30

vasoconstriction

Question 31

kidney cells release this in the blood

Answer 31

renin

Question 32

chemical that increases both heart rate and blood pressure

Answer 32

Epinephrine

Question 33

low blood pressure, systolic blood pressure below 100 mmHg

Answer 33

Hypotension

Question 34

a condition in which the blood vessels are inadequately filled and cannot circulate normally

Answer 34

circulatory shock

Question 35

one of the most important warnings of circulatory shock

Answer 35

acute hypotension

Question 36

high blood pressure, “silent killer”

Answer 36

hypertension