The Hard Tissues Flashcards
What is the inferior alveolar alveolar nerve block also called
The inferior dental block
When looking at the mandible laterally what can we see posteriorly?
The ramus
When looking at the mandible laterally what can we see anteriorly?
The body
How many projections does the ramus have?
2
The coronoid process (anterior)
The condylar process (posterior)
What is attached to the coronoid muscle?
The Temporalis muscle
What does the condylar process contribute to?
The temporomandibular joint
What is the concavity between the two processes called?
The mandibular (or sigmoid) notch
Where is there a concavity on the coronoid process and what is it called?
The anterior surface the concavity is called the coronoid notch
What can we see on the medial surface of the ramus?
The mandibular foramen
What passes through the mandibular foramen?
The inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein pass through this opening
What partially covers the foramen?
A small projection of bone called the lingula
What attaches to The lingula?
the sphenomandibular ligament
What is the sphenomandibular ligament?
An accessory ligament of the TMJ
What is the groove that begins at the inferior margin of the mandibular foramen called?
The mylohyoid groove
What does the mylohyoid groove contain?
mylohyoid nerve and vessels
What is found superior to the mylohyoid groove?
Prominent mylohyoid line
What attaches to the mylohyoid line?
The mylohyoid muscle, which fuses with its opposite number in the mid-line to form a muscular sheet that delineates the floor of the mouth
Where does the mylohyoid muscle receive its motor supply?
The mylohyoid nerve which is a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve
What can the mylohyoid nerve also provide in some people?
Can provide an accessory sensory supply to some of the teeth in certain individuals.
What is the foramen on the external surface of the mandible called?
The mental foramen
It lies approximately between the apices of the two premolar teeth
What passes through the mental foramen?
The mental nerve
Describe the mental nerve
It is one of the terminal branches of the inferior alveolar nerves
What are the 2 terminal branches of the inferior alveolar nerve?
The mental nerve
The incisive nerve
Where does the incisive nerve travel?
Continues anteriorly inside the mandible following the branching off of the mental nerve
What do the incisive nerves supply?
The anterior teeth
How many bones make up the mandible?
One single bone
How many bones make up the maxilla
2
The left and right maxillae
What are the right and left has of the hard palate joined by?
The intermaxillary suture
What is the foramen which lies in the midline just behind the incisor teeth called?
The incisive foramen
What nerve passes through the incisive foramen?
The nasopalatine nerve
What does the nasopalatine nerve supply?
The anterior part of the mucosa of the hard palate
Describe the nasopalatine nerve
Iy is branch of the maxillary nerve which travels though the nasal cavity before emerging into the hard palate
What makes up the posterior part of the hard palate?
The right and left palatine bones
What is foramen lying more posteriorly on the hard palate called?
The greater palatine foramina
What do the greater palatine foramina transmit?
The greater palatine nerves
What do The greater palatine nerves supply?
The mucosa over the hard palate
What supples the soft palate?
The lesser palatine nerves
What are the greater and the lesser palatine nerves branches of?
The maxillary nerve
What is the foramen found on the anterior aspect of the maxilla called?
The infraorbital foramen
What does the infraorbital foramen transmit?
The infraorbital nerve
Describe the infraorbital nerve
It forms when the maxillary nerve becomes once it starts to travel under the eye.
What do the branches of the infraorbital nerve supply?
Supply sensation to a large area on the front of the face, including parts of the cheek, the side of the nose and the upper lip.
If you could follow the infraorbital nerve back through its foramen what would you find?
That it lies in a canal called the infraorbital canal
What is the difference between a canal and a groove?
A groove doesn’t have a roof
More posterior to the infraorbital canal where does the infraorbital nerve lie?
In a groove
What branch does the infraorbital nerve give off when its in the canal an groove?
Anteriorly there are the anterior superior alveolar nerves
What do the the anterior superior alveolar nerves supply?
The anterior teeth
What does the maxilla contain?
A large maxillary sinus
Where does the anterior super alveolar nerve travel??
Travels immediately under the mucosa lining this maxillary sinus
Where do the the middle superior alveolar nerves arise from?
The infraorbital nerve more posteriorly that the anterior superior nerves
Does everyone have a middle superior alveolar nerve?
No it is absent in a sizeable proportion of the population
If you were to follow the infraorbital nerve even more posteriorly past the infraorbital groove what would you find?
a space lying immediately posterior to the maxilla called the pterygopalatine fossa
What happens at the pterygopalatine fossa?
The maxillary nerve gives off the posterior superior alveolar nerves
When does the maxillary nerve become the infraorbital nerve?
When it passes into the infraorbital groove
Where do the posterior superior alveolar nerves run?
- Down the posterior surface of the maxilla
- Through the posterior superior alveolar canal
- Then under the mucosa of the maxillary sinus before reaching the teeth
Where is the mandibular foramen found?
On the medial surface of the ramus
What is the lingula?
A small projection of bone that partially covers the mandibular foramen
What does the sphenomandibular ligament attach to?
The lingula
Where is the mylohyoid groove found?
the groove that begins at the inferior margin of the mandibular foramen
Where is the prominent mylohyoid line found?
Superior to the mylohyoid groove
Where is the mental foramen found?
on the external surface of the mandible It lies approximately between the apices of the two premolar teeth
Where is the incisive foramen found?
The midline just behind the incisor teeth
What supplies the anterior part of the mucosa of the hard palate?
The nasopalatine nerve
What do the right and left palatine bones make up?
The posterior part of the hard palate
Where are the greater palatine foramina found?
Found posteriorly on the hard palate
What supplies the mucosa over the hard palate?
The greater palatine nerves
The lesser palatine nerves supply what?
The soft palate
What Supplies sensation to a large area on the front of the face, including parts of the cheek, the side of the nose and the upper lip?
The infraorbital nerve
What lies in the infraorbital canal?
The infraorbital nerve before it goes through the infraorbital foramen
What supplies anterior teeth?
The anterior superior alveolar nerves
