The Great Periodic Table of Elements Flashcards
What is a Periodic Table?
a table where all the elements are arranged in an order of atomic number
Explain the features of Dmitri Mendeleev Periodic Table
1) Left Gaps for undiscovered elements
2)arranged is atomic mass
3) No Noble Gases
4)No Transition metals
Explain the features of Modern periodic Table
1) Noble Gases present
2) No Gaps
3) Arranged in atomic number
4)Transition metals present
What is a Period?
an horizontal row
What is a Group?
Vertical Column
What are Group 1 elements called?
Alkali Metals
(Reactive)
What are Group 2 elements called
Alkaline Earth Metals
(Reactive)
What are Group 7 elements called?
Halogens
(Reactive)
What are Group 0/8 elements called?
Noble Gases
(Non-Reactive)
What is the relation between elements and its group number?
Group Number is the same number of electrons in the outer shell
Why are alkali metals stored under oil
To prevent them from reacting with air or water vapor
Properties of Alkali metals
Soft
Less dense
Low melting points
Very Reactive
Explain the Reactivity of Group 1 Metals
The Reactivity Increases down the group
Reaction of Group 1 Metal with Water
Group 1 Metal + Water–> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
What is an element
An element is a substance which consist of only one type of atom and cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means
Properties of Metals
Malleable
Ductile
Sonorous
High Melting Point
Good Conductor of heat and electricity
Properties of Group 1 Metals
Low Density(Li,Na and K are less dense than water)
Highly reactive and stored under oil to prevent reacting with air
dull in appearance but show a shiny surface when freshly cut
react vigorously with water
What happens to reactivity of Group 1 Metal
Reactivity increases down the group
Reaction of Group 1 metal with Oxygen
Metal oxide
General Observations for Lithium Sodium and Potassium reacting with water
Fizzes
metal moves
heat is released
a colorless solution is formed
metal disappears
forms a silvery ball(sodium and potassium)
lilac flame/explosion(potassium)
Safety Precautions when Reacting Group1 metal with water
Remove metal using tongs
only cut small piece
Remove oil and add metal to a large volume of water behind safety screen
Properties of Group 7 Elements
Diatomic and Toxic
What are halogens
Group of reactive and toxic non-metals
State of fluorine in room temperature
Gas
State of Chlorine in Room Temperature
Gas
State of bromine
liquid
State of Iodine
Solid
Color of Fluorine
Yellow
Color of Chorine
Yellow-green
Color of Bromine
Red brown
Color of Iodine
Grey-black
What does iodine do when heated
Sublimes(changes from solid to gas)
Changes from grey black solid to purple gas
What happens to the reactivity of halogens
Decreases
down the group
What are noble gases?
Unreactive non-metals
Why are the noble gases unreactive
have a full outer shell of electrons
Properties of Noble Gases
colorless gases at room temperature
exist as individual atoms
What happens to the boiling points of noble gases?
Increase down the group
Properties of Transition Metals
Higher Melting Points
Higher Density
Less reactive with water
