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History > The Great Depression Ch.18-19 > Flashcards

The Great Depression Ch.18-19 Flashcards

1
Q

Which New Deal program built large structures like the Hoover Dam?

A

Public Works Administration (PWA)

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2
Q

Which New Deal program insured money in banks up to 5,000

A

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

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3
Q

What are 3 reasons people got money before social security?

A

If they were disabled, retired, or laid off

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4
Q

Who were the people who marched Washington for money

A

The Bonus Army

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5
Q

What were the two reasons for the stock market crash

A

Over speculation and the actions by the
Federal Reserve Board

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6
Q

What program built dams to produce electricity in river/valley areas

A

Tennessee Valley Authority

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7
Q

What was the name of the programs Roosevelt created when he was elected in 1936?

A

The Second New deal

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8
Q

Margin buying

A

The act of borrowing money to help pay for stock

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9
Q

Who was president when depression started

A

Herbert Hoover

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10
Q

Community chest

A

A group of organizations that are paid by donations from wealthy people

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11
Q

Who ran as governor of California in 1934 and started E.P.I.C. program

A

Upton Sinclair

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12
Q

What percentage was unemployment at the height of the depression

A

32%

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13
Q

Stock Pools

A

A group of investors who purposely drive up the price high and then sell it to the common person

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14
Q

Causes of Great Depression

A

High tariffs/debt, Farm crisis, overproduction, unequal distribution of wealth, domino effect, stock market crash

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15
Q

What percentage of people when the depression controlled how much of the wealth?

A

1% of people controlled 15% of the wealth

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16
Q

What was the name of the day that the stock market completely bottomed out

A

Black Thursday

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17
Q

3 states that the dust bowl majority effected:

A

Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas

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18
Q

Franklin Roosevelt was the first to appoint a female advisor, what cabinet did she supervise?

A

Secretary of Labor

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19
Q

Where was the NY stock exchange located?

A

Wall Street

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20
Q

In the Townstead Act, at what age do people start getting $200 per month

A

Once over 60

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21
Q

At what age did Roosevelt want the court justices to have to retire

A

70

22
Q

By 1932, how many in the US were unemployed?

A

12 million

23
Q

What did the E.P.I.C program stand for

A

End poverty in California

24
Q

Who ran against Herbert Hoover

A

Alfred E. Smith

25
Q

Alfred E. Smith

A

Democrat, was first Roman Catholic to win major nomination but lost to Hoover

26
Q

Bull market

A

a long peirod of rising stock prices

27
Q

What economic choices caused the economy to become unstable in the 1920s?

A

Excessive borrowing, the limiting of export, and mass speculation

28
Q

Describe two ways in which the stock market crash weakened the nation’s banks

A

Banks had lent millions to stock speculators and many banks invested in the stock market since they were hoping for high returns

29
Q

What were two mistakes made by the FRB that helped bring the great depression

A

1). By keeping rates low, the board encouraged member banks to make risky loans.
2). Low interest rates led to business leaders to think the economy was expanding

30
Q

Dorothea Lange

A

Photojournalist, showed how the great depression affected the average american

31
Q

How did economic changes affected everyday life during the 1920s

A

Since stocks failed, businesses failed and unemployment rose

32
Q

Budget deficit

A

When the gov. spends more than the gov. collected so then the gov. borrows money, making less available for loans

33
Q

American Individualism

A

A book written by Hoover about why the american system of individualism was the best social, political, spiritual, and economic system.

34
Q

National Credit Corporation (NCC)

A

Was made by Hoover to ease money shortage. They created a pool of money so banks could continue lending money to their towns

35
Q

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

A

Hoover requested Congress to make this. RFC would make loans to businesses, was to cautious and failed to help economy

36
Q

Hunger Marches

A

Organized by the communist party, protested feed the hungry and tax the rich

37
Q

Hoover’s theory of “rugged individualism”

A

That is order to keep the economy moving. the gov. should not step in to help

38
Q

Huey Long

A

governor of Louisiana, improved schools/hospitals but built a corrupt political machine. Established the Share our Wealth idea

39
Q

“Share our Wealth” idea

A

To minimize wealth inequality by taking money from the wealth and the gov. distributing it

40
Q

Father Charles Coughlin

A

Wanted the gov. to take more control of the nations resources

41
Q

What happened in the Schecter Poultry Corporation v. US

A

It was declared that the NRA was unconstitutional

42
Q

What happened in the US v. Bulter

A

declared AAA unconstitutional since they were paying people not to plant crops

43
Q

Liberty League

A

were conservatives and thought Roosevelt was overstepping his bounds. Were mostly those with an income of more than 100,000 per yr

44
Q

Liberals

A

Thought Roosevelt was not doing enough

45
Q

Al Smith

A

Was elected as NY governor 4 times and was democratic nominee for president in 1928

46
Q

The Wagner Act

A

Guaranteed workers the right to organize unions also set up a process called binding arbitration

47
Q

Binding Arbitration

A

Where unhappy union members took their complaints to a neutral party where they would decide on the issues

48
Q

John L. Lewis

A

leader of United Mine Workers

49
Q

Why did Roosevelt decide to introduce new legislation to fight the depression

A

He did this in order to give America citizens relief, financial incomes, and generate economic recovery

50
Q

Explain how Social security is funded

A

Funded by payroll, taxes by employees, and employers

51
Q

When can someone receive social security

A

A person can receive it once 65

History (4 decks)

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