The Global Impacts of Volcanoes Flashcards
On a local scale what can volcanoes destroy?
Vegetation cover whether its natural or human.
What happens when the lava cools and hardens on the vegetation?
Small plats typically mosses and lichens begin to colonise on new surface.
Forming first stage in place succession, the lithosphere.
What is an important control for climatic succession?
Climate change.
What is climatic succession?
Biological community of plants, animals, and fungi which, through the process of ecological succession in the development of vegetation in an area over time, have reached a steady state.
EXAMPLE.
Give an example of ecological succession?
Krakatoa.
EXAMPLE.
When did the eruption at Krakatoa occur?
1883, it changed the island completely.
EXAMPLE.
Name some negative effects off the eruption at Krakatoa?
50cm layer of ash covered the island.
No animal or vegetation left on island or in sea.
EXAMPLE.
Name some positive effects off the eruption at Krakatoa?
Within 3 years there was 26 species.
By 1933 271 plant species and 720 insects.
EXAMPLE.
Name the 3 different ways re-colonisers came?
Most were seeds blowing from surrounding islands by wind.
Drifted from sea.
Some carried by birds.
How do volcanoes have a global impact on climate?
Larger volcanic eruptions can have a cooling effect on the global climate.
EXAMPLE.
Give an example of a volcano which impacted upon the climate?
El Chicon in Mexico.
EXAMPLE.
When did El Chicon, Mexico erupt?
1980.
EXAMPLE.
How did El Chicon, Mexico impact upon climate?
Dust was carried around the world by wind circulation of the upper atmosphere.
Dust decreased the amount of incoming solar radiation leading to lower temperatures in northern hemisphere.
List 5 positive benefits from a volcanic eruption?
Igneous rock used for building- Naples.
Igneous rock contains minerals- gold,copper Chile.
Tourist attraction providing revenue - Yellowstone.
Fertile sole ideal for farming - Naples.
Extinct volcanoes defensive settlements - Edinburgh.
List 2 positive benefits from volcanic activity in Iceland?
85% of homes heated by geothermal energy.
Grow oranges and 70% vegetables home grown.
