The Global City Flashcards

1
Q

Also called world city or sometimes alpha city or world
center, is a city which is a primary mode in the global
economic network

A

The Global City

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2
Q

“GLOBALIZATION SI SPATIAL”
This statement means two things:

A
  1. Globalization is spatial because it occurs in the physical spaces.
  2. Globalization is spatial because what makes it move is the fact that it is based in places.
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3
Q

In 1950, only — of the world
lived in urban areas.
By 2014, the number increased
to —-. And by 2050, it is
expected of reach —.

A

30%, 54%, 66%.

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4
Q

is the reason for the increase in the number of people living ni urban areas

A

GLOBALIZATION

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5
Q

popularized the term
“global city” where it is
primary economic.

A

Saskia Sassen

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6
Q

Saskia Sassen Identified three global cities:

A

New York, London, and Tokyo

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7
Q

New York has the

A

New York Stock
Exchange ( NYSE)

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8
Q

Tokyo has the

A

Nikkiei

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9
Q

London has the

A

Financial Time Stick Exchange (FTSE)

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10
Q

New York is the ——- but Los Angeles has —— which produce and creates movies distributed all over the world, which made New York its rival city. Though it is not wealthy as New York, movie-making mecca Los Angeles can now rival the Big
Apple’s cultural influence.

A

Big apple, Hollywood,

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11
Q

— as global city as it is the home of the hub of world internet and services provider that connect people.

A

San Francisco

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12
Q

their economy down but later on cope up and bring industry goes up because of their production and services. The impact of their economy alive since they create profit from us
by buying their products.

A

China

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13
Q

Others consider some cities “global” like —–, simply because they are great
places to live in.

A

Australia Sydney

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14
Q

— is described as Sydney’s rival “global city” because many magazines and lists have now referred to it as the world’s “most liveable city”—a place with good public transportation, a thriving cultural scene, and a relatively easy pace of life.

A

Melbourne

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15
Q

INDICATORS FOR GLOBALITY.

A
  1. Economic Power
  2. Global cities are also centers of authority.
  3. Centers of Political Influence.
  4. Centers of higher learning and culture
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16
Q

Sassen remains correct in saying that —– largely determine which cities are global.

A

economic power

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17
Q

New York may have the largest stock market in the world but Tokyo houses the most number of corporate headquarters (— company headquarters
as against —- in New York, its closest competitor).

A

613 company, 217 in New York,

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18
Q

Economic opportunities in a global city make it —

A

attractive to talents
from across the world.

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19
Q

Since the 1970s, many of the top —— from —- have moved to —- to become some of the key figures in —-
technology boom.

A

IT programmers and engineers, Asia, San Francisco Bay Area, Silicon Valley’s

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20
Q

— remains a preferred destination for many Filipinos with nursing degrees.

A

London

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21
Q

to measure the Economic competitiveness of a city.

A

The Economist Intelligence Unit has added other criteria like
market size, purchasing power of citizens, size of the middle
class, and potential for growth.

22
Q

—- is considered as Asia’s most competitive city because of its strong market, efficient and incorruptible government, and livability. It also houses the regional offices of many major global corporations.

A

Singapore

23
Q

Washington D.C. may not be as wealthy as New York but it is the seat of American state power. People around the world know its major landmarks: the White House, the Capitol Building (Congress), the Supreme Court, the Lincoln Memorial, and the
Washington Monument.

A

Global cities are also centers of authority

24
Q

The headquarters of the United Nations is in—– and that of the European Union is in —-. Powerful political hubs exert influence on their own countries
as well as on international affairs. The European
Central Bank, which oversee Euro (the European
Union’s currency), is based in —-

A

New York, Brussels, Frankfurt.

25
Q
  1. Why study global cities?
A

More people will experience globalization through their living environments in cities.
Urbanization trends show increasing concentration in cities

26
Q
  1. Why study global cities?
A

Understanding global cities helps us analyze how globalization impacts living conditions for many people.

27
Q

Key Aspects of Globalization as a Spatial Phenomenon:

A
  1. Concentration of Economic Activity
  2. Spatial Division of Labor
  3. Global City Networks
  4. Uneven Development
28
Q

Global cities are hubs in global economic networks, facilitating the flow of goods, services, capital, and information.

A

Concentration of Economic Activity

29
Q

Globalization leads to specialization in different
economic functions across cities (e.g., finance,
manufacturing, tech).

A

Spatial Division of Labor

30
Q

Global cities are interconnected, forming networks that drive economic activities and influence global
trends

A

Global City Networks

31
Q

Globalization can lead to uneven growth, with some cities thriving while others may face economic decline.

A

Uneven Development

32
Q

Cities serve as —- of
globalization

A

engines

33
Q

machine with moving parts that converts power into motion.

A

engine

34
Q

applying mechanical power and having several parts, each with a definite function and performing a particular task.

A

machine

35
Q

Major cities often function as financial centers, attracting investments and facilitating
international trade. They host multinational corporations, stock exchanges, and banks, which drive economic growth and connect global markets

A

Economic Hubs

36
Q

Cities are melting pots of cultures, fostering diversity and innovation. They facilitate the exchange of ideas, art, and lifestyles, which helps to spread global cultural trends and create cosmopolitan environments.

A

Cultural Exchange

37
Q

Urban areas invest heavily in infrastructure such as transportation, communication, and technology. Airports, ports, and rail networks enable the swift movement of goods and people, enhancing global connectivity

A

Infrastructure and Connectivity

38
Q

Cities attract talent from around the world, creating a skilled workforce that fuels innovation. This talent pool supports industries that are critical to globalization, such as technology, finance, and creative sectors.

A

Talent Magnet

39
Q

Urban governments often play a significant role in shaping policies that promote globalization. They can enact regulations that encourage foreign investment, trade agreements, and collaboration with international organizations.

A

Policy and Governance

40
Q

Cities are often part of global networks, linking businesses, academic institutions, and cultural organizations. These networks facilitate collaboration and the sharing of resources across borders.

A

Global Networks

41
Q

WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES OF THE GLOBAL CITY?

A
  1. Environmental Sustainability
  2. Social Inequality
  3. Infrastructure Demands
  4. Migration Issues
  5. Governance Complexities
  6. Urban Mobility and Accessibility
  7. Balancing International Outreach and Local Quality of Life
42
Q

Urban areas, despite representing only 2% of the Earth’s land, account for approximately 75% of energy consumption and produce around 60% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This
situation requires cities to implement innovative strategies to reduce their environmental impact and lead sustainable
practices.

A
  1. Environmental Sustainability
43
Q

Significant social inequalities are prevalent in global cities, where wealth is often concentrated among a small elite, leaving substantial portions of the population in poverty. The growing
disparity between affluent and impoverished neighborhoods can exacerbate social tensions, highlighting the need for equitable solutions that ensure economic benefits reach all residents.

A
  1. Social Inequality
44
Q

Rapid urbanization places immense pressure on infrastructure, leading to inadequate housing, transportation, and essential services for dense populations. Climate change and extreme
weather events further strain these systems, making investments in smart infrastructure and sustainable planning essential.

A
  1. Infrastructure Demands
45
Q

Migration significantly shapes global cities, with large populations of migrants contributing to economic vitality but also presenting integration challenges and competition for resources. Effective policies for integration are critical to ensure that all residents can contribute to and benefit from urban life.

A
  1. Migration Issues
46
Q

Local authorities in global cities encounter difficulties managing resources and aligning policies with national frameworks. Seeking greater autonomy to address local issues, they can benefit from collaborative networks like EUROCITIES that facilitate the sharing of best practices and collective problemsolving.

A
  1. Governance Complexities
47
Q

Mobility and accessibility are vital for urban quality of life, yet challenges such as traffic congestion and inadequate public transport impede progress. As cities expand, developing
effective transportation solutions and ensuring access for vulnerable groups are paramount.

A
  1. Urban Mobility and Accessibility
48
Q

Global cities must balance their international engagement with the well-being of local residents. Issues like over-tourism and
environmental degradation can arise from extensive international outreach, making it essential for urban planners to ensure that economic benefits do not compromise local living conditions.

A
  1. Balancing International Outreach and Local Quality of Life
49
Q

As the city attracts more capital and richer
residents are forced to relocate to far
away but cheaper areas. This
phenomenon of driving out the poor in
favor of newer, wealthier residents is
called

A

GENTRIFICATION

50
Q

In France, poor Muslim migrants
are forced out of Paris and have
clustered around ethnic enclaves
known as

A

banlieue