THE GERIATRIC AND APHAKIC PATIENT (1.0) Flashcards
Approximately what percentage of the American population is over 65 years of age?
A. 1% B. 5% C. 10% D. 20% E. 15% F. 25%
C. 10%
What has caused the increase in the older population?
A. Better sanitation B. Better immunization C. Increased health education D. Improved medical and surgical science E. All of the above
E. All of the above
What problems does an increase in the population of old people create? A. Housing B. Care C. Financing D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Geriatrics may be considered as
A. Growing old
B. The care of old people
C. The study of old people
B. The care of old people
Senility is a weakness of mind and body because of aging.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Gerian refers to old persons without the connotation of
complete mental and physical disability associated with the old or aging.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Gerontology is the
A. Study of aging
B. Care of old people
C. A and B
A. Study of aging
Senility is the name given to organic impairment of the brain function and its resulting changes in the patient’s behavior, which comes with age.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Geriatrics is a word derived from “geras,” a Latin word for old
age, and “latrikas” meaning the service or care of the aged.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Usually, with aging, loss of elasticity occurs in the
A. Blood vessels B. Skin C. Lungs D. Crystalline lens E. A and B F. A, B, and D G. A, B, C, and D
G. A, B, C, and D
A. Blood vessels
B. Skin
C. Lungs
D. Crystalline lens
Caloric requirements
A. Increase with age
B. Stay the same throughout life
C. Decrease with age
C. Decrease with age
The best source of protein for the geriatric patient is
A. Milk
B. Cheese
C. Lean meat
C. Lean meat
Diet experts recommend
A. 1 gram of protein per kilogram of body weight per day
B. 3 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day
C. 5 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day
A. 1 gram of protein per kilogram of body weight per day
The most common cause of visual difficulty in the elderly is A. Presbyopia B. Senile cataract C. Glaucoma D. None of the above
B. Senile cataract
Which of the following statements concerning changes in visual acuity with age is not correct?
A. Between the ages of 40 and 60, there is a steady occurrence of prepresbyopia requiring the need for bifocal changes
B. Above the age of 60, there is a substantial decrease in the
incidence of large refractive errors
B. Above the age of 60, there is a substantial decrease in the
incidence of large refractive errors
In the elderly, spastic entropion, occurring in the lower lid, is common. It is due to
A. Spasm of orbicular is oculi fibers, running along the lid margin
B. Relaxation of the orbital septa which support the lid
C. A and B
D. Causes presently unknown
C. A and B
A. Spasm of orbicular is oculi fibers, running along the lid margin
B. Relaxation of the orbital septa which support the lid
The changes that take place as a person ages are as follows:
A. Body systems begin to break down
B. Changes may take place in his environment
C. Changes in his economic status
D. A and B
E. B and C
F. A, B, and C
F. A, B, and C
A. Body systems begin to break down
B. Changes may take place in his environment
C. Changes in his economic status
Vitreous detachment is a common condition frequently found after the age of
A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60
C. 50
the age group 75 years-85 years, the normal range of upward rotation is approximately A. 15 ̊ B. 25 ̊ C. 35 ̊ D. 45 ̊
A. 15 ̊
The color of the iris in the elderly
A. Tends to become darker B. Stays the same
C. Tends to become lighter
C. Tends to become lighter
Degenerative processes of the vitreous (syneresis) is associated with
A. Senescence
B. Myopia
C. A and B
C. A and B
A. Senescence
B. Myopia
Diaphoresis means profuse perspiration.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Achlorhydria refers to a decrease in hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Acidosis is a condition in which the alkali reserve (blood bicarbonates) of the body is below normal.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Dermatochalasis is a redundancy of upper or lower lid tissues due to
A. Aging processes
B. A defect in the orbital septum and associated with young adults
C. A congenital defect
A. Aging processes
Brushfield’s spots refer to a
A. Peripheral lenticular changes in Duane’s syndrome
B. Localized atrophy in the iris periphery
C. Atrophic areas in the cornea
D. Exudative retinal changes in certain systematic disorders
B. Localized atrophy in the iris periphery
Altering one's refractive technique for children or the elderly might well include A. A brief and rapid examination B. Frequent rest periods C. Increased time for making a response D. Larger dioptric steps for comparison E. All of the above
E. All of the above
A. A brief and rapid examination
B. Frequent rest periods
C. Increased time for making a response
D. Larger dioptric steps for comparison
Refraction of the aphakic patient can begin two weeks after surgery and should be repeated at weekly intervals. A permanent correction can be given as early as A. Six months after surgery B. Three months after surgery C. 2 weeks after surgery D. 8 weeks after surgery E. None of the above
B. Three months after surgery
Which of the following precautions must be taken when prescribing a correction for the aphakic patient?
A. Fit the lenses as close to the eyes as possible
B. Never make the correction too weak in minus power
C. Keep the top of the bifocal segment as far from the distance optical center as possible
D. Keep the eye size as small as in feasible
E. Both A and D are correct
F. Both B and C are correct
G. All of the above
E. Both A and D are correct
A. Fit the lenses as close to the eyes as possible
D. Keep the eye size as small as in feasible
The chief problem in achieving fusion for the unilateral aphakic patient is
A. Dominance B. Prismatic imbalance C. Length of time of occlusion D. Aniseikonia E. Difference in light transmittance
D. Aniseikonia
An aphakic spectacle wearer would be expected to exhibit
A. A ring scotoma
B. “Jack in the Box” phenomenon
C. Turning of the head rather than the eyes to look at an object
D. Abnormal field charting
E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Dominancy is an important consideration in the correction of
aphakia. Which of the following statements concerning dominancy in aphakia is correct?
A. If the aphakic eye is the dominant one, a contact lens
correction is usually well accepted
B. If the aphakic eye is the non-dominant one, a contact lens
correction is usually well accepted
A. If the aphakic eye is the dominant one, a contact lens
correction is usually well accepted
The near add for aphakic spectacle wearers is usually
A. Less than the dioptric equivalent of the working distance
B. More than the dioptric equivalent of the working distance
C. The dioptric equivalent of the working distance
D. Not required
E. +3.00 D
A. Less than the dioptric equivalent of the working distance
An aphakic patient reports that he can see clearly at near with only his distance Rx. This might be explained by
A. Increased sensitivity to violet rays
B. Increased spherical aberration
C. The refractor being further from the eye than the eyewire of the resultant spectacles
D. The magnification of the alphakic spectacles
E. All of the above
E. All of the above
