the gastrointestinal system Flashcards
grows in food, it may produce enterotoxins that, when
ingested, can cause symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea, cramping, and vomiting
within one to six hours.
Staphylococcus aureus
associated with a variety of raw or undercooked and cooked
foods including meat (e.g., canned meat, ham, and sausages) and dairy products
(e.g., cheeses, milk, and butter).
ص Staphylococcus aureus
are proteins that are resistant to low pH, allowing them to pass through the stomach.
The enterotoxins
When gastrointestinal illness is associated with the rod-shaped, gram- negative bacterium…. , it is called …
Shigella
bacillary dysentery, or shigellosis.
invade intestinal epithelial cells.
Shigella bacteria
organisms multiply, the epithelium and structures with M cells of the ……. in the intestine may become ulcerated and cause loss
of fluid.
Peyer’s patches
• S. dysenteriae type 1 is able to produce …
Shiga toxin
Patients may also develop chronic post-infection irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Shigellosis (Bacillary Dysentery)
Salmonellosis
Two species,
…….. , cause disease in humans, but………. is the most common.
S. enterica and S. bongori
S. enterica
The most common serotypes of Salmonellosis enterica are …… and …..
Enteritidis and Typhi.
……. is a part of the normal intestinal microbiota of many individuals.
Salmonella
…. is part of poultry’s microbiota, so exposure to raw eggs and raw poultry can increase the risk of infection.
Salmonella
….. bacteria can survive freezing for extended periods but cannot survive high temperatures.
Salmonella
They trigger inflammatory processes and the hypersecretion of fluids.
Salmonellosis
….. can cross the epithelial cell membrane and enter the bloodstream
and lymphatic system.
Salmonella
Some strains of……also produce an enterotoxin that can cause an intoxication.
Salmonella
The gram-negative rod……. is a common member of the normal microbiota of the colon.
Escherichia coli
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), also known as …. , causes diarrheal illness and is common in less developed countries.
traveler’s diarrhea
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) is very similar to…..
shigellosis
This bacterium carries a large plasmid that is involved in epithelial cell penetration.
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)
inject a protein (Tir) that attaches to the surface of the intestinal
epithelial cells and triggers rearrangement of host cell actin from microvilli to pedestals.
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)
The most dangerous strains are …… , which are the strains capable of causing epidemics.
enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)
The gastrointestinal disease cholera is a serious infection It is caused by …..
Vibrio cholerae
Staphylococcus aureus grows in food, it may produce….
enterotoxins
Gram-negative lactose fermenters will produce…..
red colonies
non-fermenters will produce….
white/colorless colonies.
Gram-positive bacteria will not grow on…..
MacConkey
