the gastrointestinal system

Question 1

grows in food, it may produce enterotoxins that, when
ingested, can cause symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea, cramping, and vomiting
within one to six hours.

Answer 1

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 2

associated with a variety of raw or undercooked and cooked
foods including meat (e.g., canned meat, ham, and sausages) and dairy products
(e.g., cheeses, milk, and butter).

Answer 2

ص Staphylococcus aureus

Question 3

are proteins that are resistant to low pH, allowing them to pass through the stomach.

Answer 3

The enterotoxins

Question 4

When gastrointestinal illness is associated with the rod-shaped, gram- negative bacterium…. , it is called …

Answer 4

Shigella

bacillary dysentery, or shigellosis.

Question 5

invade intestinal epithelial cells.

Answer 5

Shigella bacteria

Question 6

organisms multiply, the epithelium and structures with M cells of the ……. in the intestine may become ulcerated and cause loss
of fluid.

Answer 6

Peyer’s patches

Question 7

• S. dysenteriae type 1 is able to produce …

Answer 7

Shiga toxin

Question 8

Patients may also develop chronic post-infection irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Answer 8

Shigellosis (Bacillary Dysentery)

Question 9

Salmonellosis
Two species,
…….. , cause disease in humans, but………. is the most common.

Answer 9

S. enterica and S. bongori

S. enterica

Question 10

The most common serotypes of Salmonellosis enterica are …… and …..

Answer 10

Enteritidis and Typhi.

Question 11

……. is a part of the normal intestinal microbiota of many individuals.

Answer 11

Salmonella

Question 12

…. is part of poultry’s microbiota, so exposure to raw eggs and raw poultry can increase the risk of infection.

Answer 12

Salmonella

Question 13

….. bacteria can survive freezing for extended periods but cannot survive high temperatures.

Answer 13

Salmonella

Question 14

They trigger inflammatory processes and the hypersecretion of fluids.

Answer 14

Salmonellosis

Question 15

….. can cross the epithelial cell membrane and enter the bloodstream
and lymphatic system.

Answer 15

Salmonella

Question 16

Some strains of……also produce an enterotoxin that can cause an intoxication.

Answer 16

Salmonella

Question 17

The gram-negative rod……. is a common member of the normal microbiota of the colon.

Answer 17

Escherichia coli

Question 18

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), also known as …. , causes diarrheal illness and is common in less developed countries.

Answer 18

traveler’s diarrhea

Question 19

Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) is very similar to…..

Answer 19

shigellosis

Question 20

This bacterium carries a large plasmid that is involved in epithelial cell penetration.

Answer 20

Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

Question 21

inject a protein (Tir) that attaches to the surface of the intestinal
epithelial cells and triggers rearrangement of host cell actin from microvilli to pedestals.

Answer 21

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

Question 22

The most dangerous strains are …… , which are the strains capable of causing epidemics.

Answer 22

enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

Question 23

The gastrointestinal disease cholera is a serious infection It is caused by …..

Answer 23

Vibrio cholerae

Question 24

Staphylococcus aureus grows in food, it may produce….

Answer 24

enterotoxins

Question 25

Gram-negative lactose fermenters will produce…..

Answer 25

red colonies

Question 26

non-fermenters will produce….

Answer 26

white/colorless colonies.

Question 27

Gram-positive bacteria will not grow on…..

Answer 27

MacConkey