The fundamental particles Flashcards
What is a baryon?
A particle made up of three quarks/ three anti quarks-feels the strong force
What is a meson?
A particle made up of a quark and an anti quark-feels the strong force
What is a lepton?
A fermion of which the particle does not feel the strong force
What is the spin of fermions?
Fermions have spin ℏ/2, 3ℏ/2, 5ℏ/2
What is the spin of bosons?
Bosons have spin 0ℏ, 1ℏ, 2ℏ and these are force carriers
What carries the EM force?
The photon
What carries the strong force?
The gluon
What carries the weak force?
Either the z_0 boson or the w+/w- boson
What are the different types of leptons?
Electron, muon and tau-charge -1, spin -1/2 and their neutrinos- charge 0 and spin 1/2
What are the different quarks?
Up, charm, top -charge 2/3 ,spin 1/2
Down, strange bottom - charge -1/3 ,spin -1/2
How is Lepton number conserved?
For all interactions, the global lepton number is conserved as well as the individual types of lepton number
What are the quark flavour numbers?
For up and down 1/2* sign of charge
For all else 1 * sign of charge
What charges do quarks carry?
Electrical, weak, colour
What are the colour charges?
Red(r), green(g) and blue(b)
What is the baryon number of a meson?
0
What is the baryon number of a baryon?
1/-1
What is the colour of a baryon/meson?
Colourless
rgb or colour-anti colour
What is the charge of a baryon/meson?
An integer multiple
What is the EM force?
Couples to electric charge carrying particles. Has infinite range with a strength proportional to 1/r^2
What is the strong force?
Couples to colour charge carrying particles. Binds nucleons and hadrons together. Extremely weak at very short distances but very strong at large distances
What are the conservation laws?
- Electric charge for all interactions
- Colour charge for strong interactions
- Baryon number for all interactions
- Lepton number for all interactions
- Quark flavour for EM and strong interactions
- Kinematics
- Quark flavour
- Mass for decays
