The fundamental ideas in chemistry

Question 1

What are substances made up of?

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

What are atoms?

Answer 2

Very small particles

Question 3

What is the nucleus in a atom made up of?

Answer 3

Protons

Neutrons

Question 4

What orbits a nucleus?

Answer 4

Electrons

Question 5

What is a substance called that contains only one atom?

Answer 5

Element

Question 6

How many different types of elements are there?

Answer 6

About 100

Question 7

All group 1 elements in the periodic table do what?

Answer 7

> React vigorously with water to produce an alkaline solution and hydrogen gas
React rapidly with oxygen to form metal oxides.

Question 8

Group 0 elements in the periodic table are called…?

Answer 8

Noble Gases

Question 9

Why are group 0 called noble gases?

Answer 9

They are unreactive elements because their atoms have full outer shells of electrons.

Question 10

Why are noble gases unstable?

Answer 10

Their atoms have full outer shells of electrons.

Question 11

Atoms of noble gases have how many electrons?

Answer 11

8 in their outer shell except helium which has 2

Question 12

What is a electron?

Answer 12

A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus

Question 13

What is a proton?

Answer 13

A positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus

Question 14

What is a neutron?

Answer 14

A subatomic particle that is found in the nucleus of a atom which has no charge

Question 15

What is a protons relative charge?

Answer 15

+1

Question 16

What is a neutrons relative charge?

Answer 16

0

Question 17

What is an electrons relative charge?

Answer 17

-1

Question 18

Atoms have no overall charge because…?

Answer 18

Because they contain an equal number of protons and elections.

Question 19

All atoms with the same number of elements are made up of ….. ?

Answer 19

A particular element

Question 20

All atoms made up of different numbers of protons are made up of…?

Answer 20

Different elements

Question 21

The number of protons in an atom is called it’s ….?

Answer 21

Atomic number

Question 22

The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom is its…..?

Answer 22

Mass number

Question 23

The number of neutrons in an atom is calculated by:

Answer 23

Mass number - atomic number

Question 24

Atoms in an atom occupy the lowest available…?

Answer 24

Energy level (the innermost available shelf)

Question 25

The first level of a atom can only hold a maximum of …?

Answer 25

Two electrons

Question 26

The other levels in atom can hold a maximum of …?

Answer 26

8 electrons

Question 27

Elements in the same group have the same what?

Answer 27

Highest energy level

Question 28

When elements react with other elements they form to make …?

Answer 28

Compounds

Question 29

Making compounds consists of-

Answer 29

The giving and taking of electrons to from ions
or
the sharing of electrons to form molecules

Question 30

Compound are represented by a combination of numbers and chemical symbols called the a ..?

Answer 30

Chemical formula

Question 31

Why do scientists use chemical formulae to show what?

Answer 31

> The different elements in a compound

>the number of atoms of each element in the compound

Question 32

A small number which sits below the line means…?

Answer 32

That it only multiple the number just before the number

Question 33

A number the same size as the chemical does what?

Answer 33

Multiplies the number that come after it