Other Useful Substances From Crude Oil

Question 1

What is a catalyst?

Answer 1

A substance that increases the rate of reaction without being changed itself

Question 2

What is cracking?

Answer 2

The process used to break down long-chain hydrocarbons into more useful short chain hydrocarbons, using high temperatures and a catalyst.

Question 3

Cracking involves -

Answer 3

Heating the hydrocarbons in till they vaporise and then passing the vapour over a hot catalyst

Question 4

What are alkenes?

Answer 4

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Question 5

What do alkenes react with?

Answer 5

Bromine water?

Question 6

What colour does bromine do when reacted with alkenes?

Answer 6

Colourless (from orange)

Question 7

What is a formula for alkenes?

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

What is the formula for ethene?

Answer 8

C2H4

Question 9

How is ethanol made?

Answer 9

Reacting ethene with steam in the presence of catalyst, phosphoric acid

Question 10

How else can alcohol be made other from ethene?

Answer 10

Fermentation of sugar

Question 11

How is ethanol made from fermentation?

Answer 11

Sugar is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 12

What are polymers?

Answer 12

Long chain molecules

Question 13

What are monomers?

Answer 13

Small alkene molecules

Question 14

What is polymerisation?

Answer 14

When small alkene molecules join together to from polymers

Question 15

Are polymers biodegradable?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What are Polymers and composites used for?

Answer 16

Medicine and dentistry