The French Revolution Flashcards
(22 cards)
Bourgeoisie
the middle class
Deficit Spending
situation in which a government spends more money than it takes in
Faction
small group
Émigré
person who flees his/her country for political reasons
Republic
system of government in which officials are chosen by the people
Suffrage
right to vote
Nationalism
strong feeling of pride in and devotion to ones country
Secular
having to do with worldly, rather than religious, matters
Plebiscite
ballot in which voters have a direct say on an issue
Annex
add a territory onto an existing state or country
Blockade
shutting off a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out
Guerrilla Warfare
fighting carried on through hit and run raids
Abdicate
give up a high office
Legitimacy
principle by which monarchies that had been unseated by the French Revolution or Napoleon were restored
The Old Regime
social, economic, and political structure of France
Marie Antoinette
Louis XIVs queen
1st Estate
- Clergy of RC Church (bishops, priests, cardinals, abbots)
- Less than 1% of pop (100,000 of 24 mil)
- Owned 10-15% of land
Tithe
10% of everyone’s income that had to be paid to the Church
2nd Estate
- gov’t privileged tithe; nobility (church used as bribe to not pay taxes)
- 2% of pop (400k ppl)
- owned 33% of land
- paid little to no taxes
- got $ from lands, rent, and feudal dues
3rd Estate
- Everybody else (98% of pop)
- paid most taxes
- all were angry
- included the bourgeoisie
- artisans, laborers, city workers
- peasants (90% of pop)
Inflation
prices raising higher than actual worth of goods
Debt
- Louis XIVs wars
- government spending (palaces, trips, clothes, jewelry)
- 1st and 2nd estate not paying taxes
