French Rev 2 Flashcards
Estates General
advisory body of the King
- all meet in diff rooms
- Bourgeouisie demand more power and cuz they were the majority of ppl
National Assembly
3rd Estate, vow to not break until they write new constitution
- locked them out in chamber
- cahiers “complaint book”
Tennis Court Oath
all 3 branches became National Assembly
Storming of Bastille
bastille was a prison and symbol of royal power
-peasants want to get weapons to defend national assembly
National Assembly formation
- special privledges for 1st and 2nd estate ends
- Declaration of Rights of man
- THESE RIGHTS DONT APPLY TO WOMEN
- king is at Versailles while all of this is occuring
March on Versailles
1000s of women march from France to Versailles demanding bread
- followed by National Guard
- forced Louis to paris to “hear their suffering”
How did France pay off debt?
National Assembly sells all church land (=10% of France)
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
- Church made a ward of the state
- churchmen elected
- all clergy swear to oath new gov’t
- no allegiance to the pope
Limited Monarchy
3 branches -executive - Louis XVI Legislative Assembly- made laws, collected taxes , decided issues with war - Judicial -king reluctant to sign
Reaction to LM
many nobles and clergy leave France
- royal fam flees and are considered traitors
Declaration of Pilnitz
invite to all European rulers to help restore absolute monarchy
- Fred Will IV
- Leopold II
Legislative Assembly
Declared war on Austria
eventually Austria, Prussia, Britain, spain, Netherlands, and the kingdom of Sardina vs France
1st Republic
- violence breaks out
- National Convention is formed (monarchy is gone)
- more radical
- lead by Jacobins
King’s Trial
- beheaded for treason
- Louis XVI dies in jail
- Marie is also beheaded
Maxmillien Robespierre
- leader of Jacobins
- wanted to : abolish monarchy, change calendar (no christian affiliation or national holidays), have universal male suffrage, start a draft (Conscription)
Committee or Public Safety
founded by Robespierre
-“protect ppl from traitors”
Reign of Terror
- Jacobins felt the only way to help new govt was to crush all opposition
- root all traitors
- many ppl executed by mistaken id
- special tribunals were created for traitor trials (acquit or kill)
- Jacobins eventually turn on each other
End of Terror
-Robespierre is guillotined
300,000 ppl imprisoned, 40,000 ppl killed
Conservative Reaction to Terror (Directory)
- new constitution
- property qualifications
- only 20k ppl could vote
The Directory
- 5 member executive branch
- unstable but maintained power
- lasted 4 yrs
Reforms and Nationalism
- religious tolerance
- end of slavery in France
- school system set up
