the formation Flashcards
Who came up with the reward/need satisfaction theory?
Bynre and clore
What does the reward/need satisfaction theory consist of?
Rewards and punishments and attraction through association
what does rewarding stimuli produce?
produces positive feelings
how does operant conditioning relate to rewards and punishments?
we are likely to repeat any behaviour that leads to a desirable outcome
What does bynre and clores’s theory suggest?
We enter into relationships because the presence of some individuals is directly associated with reinforcement
how can a neutral stimulus become positively valued?
if they are associated with a pleasant event
How do relationships develop and succeed?
If the positive feelings outweigh the negative feelings
how does personality link to the formation of a relationship?
people who have similar traits are more likely to be attracted to each other compared to those with dissimilar traits
what did caspi and herberner find?
they found that married couples with similar personalities tend to be happier than couples with less similar personalities
What is ‘attitude alignment’?
partners modify their attitudes so they become more similar in order for their relationship to develop
what did giffitt and guay do and find?
participants were evaluated on a creative task by an experimenter and then asked to rate how much they liked the experimenter. This rating was highest when the experimenter had positively evaluated the participants performance on the task
What did Sheldon et al discover?
that greater facebook use was positively correlated with both positive and negative indicators of relationship satisfaction
what did aron et al find?
participants who measured very high on a self-report questionnaire of romantic love also showed strong activity in particular areas of the brain
what did cate et al do and find?
they asked 337 individuals to assess their current relationship. Results showed that reward levels was superior to all other factors in determining relationship satisfaction
what did rosenbaum suggest?
dissimilarity rather than similarity was the more important factor in determining whether a relationship will develop
what did yoshida point out?
the research on similarity represents only a very narrow view of factors important important in relationship formation
why is similarity so important?
we assume that people similar to us will be more likely to like us. By ruling out dissimilar people, we lessen the chances to be rejected as a partner
When other people share our attitudes and beliefs, it tends to validate them, which in turn is rewarding
Why is the reward/need satisfaction theory culturally bias?
it does not account for culture and gender differences
what did Lott suggest?
that in many cultures women are more focused in the needs of others rather than receiving reinforcement
why is the reward/need satisfaction theory an evolutionary explanation?
The brain reward system associated with romantic love would have probably evolved to drive our ancestors to focus on their courtship energy on specific individuals
How does mundane realism apply?
most of the studies are lab studies and therefore cannot be applied to real life as they do not show the principles of needs and similarity in real life
