The First Fleet Flashcards
When did he first fleet arrive in Australia?
January 1788.
Where did the First Fleet land?
In Botany Bay, what is now Sydney.
What did Australia look like when the First Fleet arrived?
It was populated more than 500 tribes of aboriginal and Torres Strait islander people. The aboriginals did not manage land in the same way as the Europeans, so there were no fences, crops, or domesticated animals. The land was largely untouched.
How did the Europeans treat the Aboriginals?
They treated them like they were part of the landscape instead of its inhabitants. They took their land after claiming terra nullius.
He did the terms terra nullius and dispossession affect the aboriginals?
It meant that they had all of the land taken from them by the Europeans, without any compensation or prior agreement. They were not recognised as the owners of the land.
What were four major conflicts between the aboriginal people and the European settlers?
The Wiradjuri war, the Myall Creek Massacre, the Black Wars, the Battle of Pinjarra.
Describe the Wiradjuri War.
The Wiradjuri people at first were friendly but weary of the settlers. A road through the blue mountains was build p, however, which pushed a lot of Wiradjuri people off their land. The Wiradjuri started killing livestock and destroying equipment. Their leader was Windradyne, who was captured in 1824, making relations between the Europeans and the Wiradjuri people even worse. In March 1824, some Wiradjuri people began stealing food from farms, and seven settlers were killed. The governor at the time declared martial law, so many settlers believed they could kill aboriginals to protect themselves. The killings continued for several months.
Describe the Myall creek massacre.
In May, 1838, 40 members of the Wirrayaraay people moved onto the Myall Cattle Station, where they could find a lot of their traditional foods. They had a peaceful and friendly relationship with the stockmen.
On June 10, 1838, eleven convicts and ex-convicts attempted to round up the aboriginal people, whom they suspected of killing a European shepherd. The Wirrayaraay were all massacred by the cons.
These convicts where the first people in Australia to be sentenced to death for murdering Indigenous people.
Describe the Black Wars.
As settlers intruded on the Aboriginal’s traditional land, they retaliated by stealing food and killing livestock. This led to the deceleration of martial law, which resulted in the widespread killing of Aboriginals. These hostilities are known as the black wars, and took place in Tasmania.
Describe the battle of Pinjarra.
The Bindjareb people began spearing cows, stealing flour and attacking settlers. This lead to a series of killing from both the Europeans and the Aboriginals, and eventually the governor introduced a mounted patrol (25 October, 1834), which found an aboriginal camp and killed up to 30 Bindjareb people.
