The First Crusade Flashcards
Date of the Council of Piacenza
March 1095
Date of the Council of Clermont
November 1095
When did the Peoples’ Crusade occur?
April - October 1096
When did the First Crusade arrive in Constantinople?
Late 1096- early 1097
When was the Siege of Nicaea?
February 1097
What happened at the Siege of Nicaea which undermined relations between the Byzantines and the Crusaders?
The Byzantines negotiated a surrender with the inhabitants of Nicaea in secret meaning the Crusaders were denied looting after the siege and could only enter the city in small groups.
When was the Battle of Dorylaeum?
June 1097
Dorylaeum demonstrated the importance of military leadership in the success of the Crusade, how?
Bohemond’s skill as a military leader allowed the Crusaders to organise a stalwart defensive formation in the face of a surprise Seljuk attack,until Godfrey of Bouillon arrived with a relief force.
When did the Crusaders besiege Antioch?
October 1097 - June 1098
When were the Crusader’s besieged in Antioch?
June 1098
The actions of the a particular leader at Antioch nearly led to the destruction of the Crusaders, how?
Bohemond didn’t reveal his contact inside the city guard (Firuz) until the Crusader leaders were panicked into allowing Bohemond lordship of Antioch if he could take the city by the approaching Muslim relief force.
When did the Crusaders capture Jerusalem?
July 1099
Who besieged the Crusaders at Antioch (2)
Kerbogha of Aleppo and Duqaq of Damascus
When did the Crusaders march on from Antioch?
Early 1099, only after the infantry forced Raymond of Toulouse’s hand by setting off for Jerusalem
Why did the Crusaders not leave Antioch until early 1099?
The Crusader leadership were squabbling over who should take Antioch. The Crusaders camped at Marrat over winter 1098-9 endured disease, cold and starvation with many resorting to cannibalism.
When did the Crusaders capture Jerusalem?
July 1099
What followed was a brutal and bloody massacre of Jerusalem’s non-christian inhabitants.
Roughly how many troops reached Jerusalem in 1099?
~15,000
After the victory at Ascalon in 1099 how many knights and foot soldiers were left under Godfrey and what does this suggest about the motivation of the bulk of the Crusaders?
300 knights, ~2,000 foot
Most of the survivors of the First Crusade went back to Europe having fulfilled their Crusading vows. This shows religion was the overarching motivation of the Crusaders.
When was religious devotion most prevalent in the First Crusade?
The Siege of Antioch 1097-1098 and overwintering at Marrat in 1098-9 and the fact so few deserted.
When did the Baldwin of Boulogne take Edessa?
March 1098
