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Gettysburg Battlefield Study Guide > The Federal Army > Flashcards

The Federal Army Flashcards

1
Q

When and where was George Gordon Meade born?

A

December 31, 1815; Cadiz, Spain

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2
Q

When did the First Corps come into existence and who commanded it?

A

September 12, 1862; Joseph Hooker

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3
Q

When did John Reynolds take command of the First Corps?

A

September 29, 1862

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4
Q

What division did Reynolds command before he became commander of the First Corps?

A

The Pennsylvania Reserve Division

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5
Q

What reason did Reynolds give for not accepting command of the Army of the Potomac before June 28th?

A

Stanton would not guarantee non-interference with Reynolds’ orders.

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6
Q

On the evening of June 28 where did the First Corps encamp?

A

Frederick, Maryland

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7
Q

On the evening of June 29 where did the First Corps encamp?

A

Emmitsburg, Maryland

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8
Q

On June 30, how far did the First Corps march and where did it encamp?

A

Four miles; near Marsh Creek, south of Gettysburg

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9
Q

Which army wing did John Reynolds command before the battle?

A

Left wing

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10
Q

Which corps were in the right wing of the army on June 30? Who were their commanders?

A

First Corps: Major General John F. Reynolds; Third Corps: Major General Daniel Sickles; Eleventh Corps: Major General Oliver Otis Howard

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11
Q

List the names of the 3 commanders of the First Corps during the battle.

A

Major General John Reynolds; Major General Abner Doubleday; Major General John Newton

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12
Q

List the names of the 3 division commanders of the First Corps on June 30.

A

Brigadier General James Wadsworth; Brigadier General John C. Robinson; Brigadier General Abner Doubleday

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13
Q

In which First Corps division was the Iron Brigade?

A

Wadsworth’s Division

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14
Q

Who took command of the First Corps after Reynolds was killed?

A

Brigadier General Abner Doubleday

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15
Q

Who took command of the Third Division when Brigadier General Abner Doubleday took command of the First Corps?

A

Brigadier General Thomas Rowley

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16
Q

After the death of Reynolds, who took command of the right wing of the army?

A

Major General Oliver Otis Howard

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17
Q

When was Major General Howard relieved of command of the army’s right wing?

A

Between 3pm and 4pm on July 1

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18
Q

To whom did Major General Howard turn over the command of the right wing?

A

Major General Winfield Scott Hancock

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19
Q

In the very early hours of the morning of July 2, who did George Meade put in charge of the First Corps?

A

Major General John Newton

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20
Q

Where did the First Corps troops fight during the evening of July 1 and the rest of the battle?

A

Cemetery Hill, Culp’s Hill, and the Federal center on Cemetery Ridge

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21
Q

On what day did the First Corps move away from the battlefield?

A

July 6

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22
Q

Who commanded the Second Corps at the Battle of Chancellorsville?

A

Major General Darius Couch

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23
Q

When did Major General Darius Couch resign from command of the Second Corps?

A

May 22, 1863

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24
Q

What reason did Major General Darius Couch give for his resignation?

A

Exhausted by the attitude and conduct of Joseph Hooker

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25
Q

On what day did Winfield S. Hancock take command of the Second Corps?

A

May 22, 1863

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26
Q

At the 1862 Battle of Williamsburg, Virginia at what level did Hancock command troops?

A

A brigade

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27
Q

At the battles of Sharpsburg and Fredericksburg at what level did Hancock command troops?

A

A division

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28
Q

On what day did the Second Corps break camp at Falmouth, Virginia?

A

June 14

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29
Q

What position did the Second Corps take during the march from Fredericksburg to Gettysburg?

A

The rear

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30
Q

In its march toward Pennsylvania, when did the Second Corps complete its crossing of the Potomac River?

A

June 27, mid-afternoon

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31
Q

On the evening of June 28, where did the Second Corps encamp?

A

Frederick, Maryland

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32
Q

What is the distance between Frederick, Maryland and Uniontown, Maryland which was marched by the Second Corps on June 29?

A

30 miles

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33
Q

When did the Second Corps reach the battlefield?

A

July 2, 7am

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34
Q

List the division commanders of the Second Corps.

A

Brigadier General John Caldwell; Brigadier General John Gibbon; Brigadier General Alexander Hays

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35
Q

On what portions of the battlefield did the Second Corps fight?

A

The Wheatfield, The Stony Hill, and Cemetery Ridge south of Ziegler’s Grove

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36
Q

After Hancock’s wounding on July 3, who took command of the Second Corps?

A

Brigadier General John Caldwell

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37
Q

When did Major General Daniel Sickles take command of the Third Corps?

A

February 3, 1863

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38
Q

In what way was Major General Daniel Sickles’ background different from other corps commanders’ backgrounds?

A

He never attended West Point; he received a political appointment.

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39
Q

What event at the Battle of Chancellorsville appears to have influenced Daniel Sickles’ decisions at Gettysburg?

A

Hooker’s order to withdraw from Hazel Grove. It became a Rebel artillery position from which the Third Corps was assaulted.

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40
Q

After the Battle of Chancellorsville, Daniel Sickles took leave of the Army of the Potomac until what date?

A

June 28

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41
Q

Where was the Third Corps located when Sickles resumed command of it?

A

Frederick, Maryland

42
Q

On June 29, the Third Corps left Frederick, Maryland at 6am. Where did it make camp that evening?

A

Between Taneytown and Emmitsburg, Maryland

43
Q

On the morning of July 1 where was the Third Corps encamped?

A

North of Emmitsburg, Maryland and on the Fairfield Road

44
Q

On the morning of July 1, when asking for orders from wing commander Reynolds, what orders did the Third Corps receive?

A

March immediately to Gettysburg

45
Q

On the morning of July 1, how did Meade’s orders to Sickles and Reynolds’ orders to Sickles conflict?

A

Reynolds ordered the Third Corps to Gettysburg; Meade ordered the Third Corps to remain near Emmitsburg

46
Q

During the morning of July 1, what caused Sickles to obey Reynolds’ order to march to Gettysburg?

A

Wing commander Howard told Sickles that Reynolds was dead and that Sickles must bring the Third Corps to Gettysburg

47
Q

List the names of the division commanders of the Third Corps on July 1.

A

Major General David Birney; Brigadier General Andrew Humphreys; Colonel George Burling

48
Q

Who commanded the Fifth Corps since late December 1862 until June 28, 1863?

A

Major General George Gordon Meade

49
Q

Where was the Fifth Corps encamped when Meade was ordered to take command of the Army of the Potomac?

A

Frederick, Maryland

50
Q

Immediately upon taking command of the Army of the Potomac, to whom did Meade turn over command of the Fifth Corps?

A

Major General George Sykes

51
Q

On June 30, the Fifth Corps began its march at 4:30am. What is the distance of the corps’ march that day?

A

35 miles

52
Q

On July 1, the Fifth Corps began its march at 8am. At 4pm it paused in its march. At what location did this brief pause occur? What engagement had occurred there in the previous day?

A

Hanover, Pennsylvania; Federal cavalry had pushed Rebel cavalry out of Hanover and toward York

53
Q

On July 1, the Fifth Corps began its march at 8am. It ended its march at 1am on July 2. Where was it located when it finally halted?

A

Four miles southeast of Gettysburg

54
Q

On July 2, what time was reveille for the Fifth Corps?

A

3:30am

55
Q

On July 2, when did the Fifth Corps reach the battlefield?

A

7am

56
Q

In general what was the location of the Fifth Corps at 7am on July 2?

A

In the vicinity of Wolf’s Hill, Powers’ Hill and where Rock Creek crosses the Baltimore Pike

57
Q

On July 2, at what time did the Fifth Corps receive orders to march to battlefield and what was to be its destination?

A

Between 4am and 5am; Cemetery Ridge and east of Little Round Top

58
Q

On July 2 between 4pm and 5pm which 2 brigades of the Fifth Corps were brought forward and put quickly into a battleline?

A

Vincent’s [First Division] and Weed’s [Second Division] brigades

59
Q

Who were the Fifth Corps’ division commanders on July 1?

A

Brigadier General James Barnes, Brigadier General Romeyn Ayers, Brigadier Samuel Crawford

60
Q

Who commanded the Sixth Corps during the Chancellorsville Campaign?

A

Major General John Sedgwick

61
Q

For which assault was the Sixth Corps responsible during Chancellorsville?

A

The assaults on Marye’s Heights and Salem Church

62
Q

When did the Sixth Corps begin its movement from Fredericksburg to Pennsylvania?

A

June 14

63
Q

From what location did the Sixth Corps begin an 18 hour march during the late evening of July 1?

A

Manchester, Maryland

64
Q

What was the length of the march that the Sixth Corps made on July 1-July 2?

A

35 miles

65
Q

At what time did the Sixth Corps begin its march on July 1 and when did its march end on July 2?

A

Began 10pm on July 1 and finished between 4pm and 5pm on July 2

66
Q

In the 5 days before July 3, how many miles did the Sixth Corps march?

A

Nearly 100 miles

67
Q

How long was the marching column of the Sixth Corps during its July 1-2 march?

A

About 10 miles

68
Q

At what location did the Sixth Corps enter the battlefield?

A

At the intersection of Rock Creek and the Baltimore Pike

69
Q

At what location and at what time did the Sixth Corps troops become engaged on July 2?

A

On Cemetery Ridge’s Trostle and Cordori Farms; near Power’s Hill and Culp’s Hill, and on the west slope of the Round Tops early evening about 6pm

70
Q

List the division commanders of the Sixth Corps.

A

Brigadier General Horatio Wright, Brigadier General Albion Howe, Brigadier General Alexander Shaler

71
Q

Who commanded the Eleventh Corps during the Chancellorsville Campaign?

A

Major General Oliver Otis Howard

72
Q

What was the largest ethnic group in the Eleventh Corps?

A

German

73
Q

What two distinctive personal characteristics did the Eleventh Corps’ commander have?

A

In 1862, an arm had been amputated and he was the youngest corps commander of the Army of the Potomac

74
Q

On the evening of June 28, where did the Eleventh Corps camp?

A

Frederick, Maryland

75
Q

On June 29, on what college campus did the Eleventh Corps encamp?

A

St. Joseph’s College, Emmitsburg, Maryland

76
Q

On what two roads did the Eleventh Corps approach Gettysburg?

A

Taneytown Road and Emmitsburg Road

77
Q

On July 1, at what time did Howard receive orders to march the Eleventh Corps to Gettysburg?

A

10:30am

78
Q

At what time did the Eleventh Corps reach the battlefield and how long was their march?

A

It reached the battlefield between 12:15pm and 12:45pm; it was a 5 mile march made in over 2 hours

79
Q

When Howard received news of Reynolds’ death, what command did he inherit?

A

Right wing commander

80
Q

List the division commanders of the Eleventh Corps on June 30.

A

Brigadier General Francis Barlow, Brigadier General Adolph von Steinwehr, Major General Carl Schurz

81
Q

Who assumed command of the Eleventh Corps when Howard was elevated to wing commander?

A

Carl Schurz

82
Q

When Schurz took command of the Eleventh Corps, who took command of Schurz’s division?

A

Brigadier General Alexander Schimmelfenning

83
Q

On July 1, which two Eleventh Corps divisions were immediately placed north of Gettysburg?

A

Schimmelfenning’s and Barlow’s divisions

84
Q

Which Eleventh Corps division was held in reserve?

A

von Steinwehr’s

85
Q

Schimmelfenning’s division was initially ordered to occupy what terrain feature north of Gettysburg?

A

Oak Hill

86
Q

What terrain feature did Barlow choose to occupy though his orders were to move further north and west of it?

A

Blocher’s Knoll

87
Q

Who was the commander of the Twelfth Corps throughout June?

A

Major General Henry Slocum

88
Q

What distinction did Major General Henry Slocum have in the army during the Pennsylvania Campaign?

A

He was the ranking senior officer

89
Q

When and where did the Twelfth Corps cross the Potomac River as it headed northward during the campaign?

A

June 26, Edwards Ferry

90
Q

On what date did the Twelfth Corps cross into Pennsylvania?

A

June 30

91
Q

On the evening of June 30, where did the Twelfth Corps encamp?

A

Littlestown, Pennsylvania

92
Q

At what time did the march on July 1 to Gettysburg begin for the Twelfth Corps and what was the length of the march?

A

7am and the distance was 10 miles

93
Q

What road did the Twelfth Corps take from Littlestown to reach Gettysburg?

A

Baltimore Pike

94
Q

What caused the 3 hour delay in the Twelfth Corps reaching Gettysburg on July 1?

A

Slocum allowed the men to cook a noon meal and take a rest when the corps was 5 miles from Gettysburg

95
Q

What is the name of the village at which the Twelfth Corps rested for 5 hours on July 1?

A

Two Taverns

96
Q

At what time did the Twelfth Corps enter the battlefield?

A

Aboout 4pm on July 1

97
Q

When the Twelfth Corps arrived on the battlefield, what changed in the army command structure?

A

Having the seniority of rank, Slocum outranked Howard. Slocum became battlefield commander.

98
Q

List the division commanders of the Twelfth Corps on June 30.

A

Brigadier General Alpheus Williams, Brigadier General John Geary [there was no 3rd division in the Twelfth Corps during the battle]

99
Q

Who took command of the Twelfth Corps when Slocum became the senior commander on the battlefield?

A

Brigadier General Alpheus Williams

100
Q

On July 1 what geographic feature did the Twelfth Corps approach as it came toward Gettysburg on the Baltimore Pike?

A

Wolfe’s Hill

Gettysburg Battlefield Study Guide (11 decks)

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