The Ethics Code: Ethical Standard 3 - Human Relations Flashcards
3.01: Psychologists should not engage in __________________ based on age, gender, gender identity, race, ethnicity, culture, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, SES, or any other basis prohibited by law.
Unfair discrimination.
3.02: Sexual harrassment is specifically prohibited, and it is defined as sexual behavior that meets one of the following two criteria: 1) behavior that “is _________________, is offensive, or creates a hostile workplace or educational environment, and the psychologist knows or is told this;” or 2) behavior that is so severe that any _____________________ would recognize it as abusive.
- Unwelcome
- Reasonable person
3.03: Psychologists are also prohibited from engaging in any ______________________ based on age, gender, gender identity, race, ethnicity, culture, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, language, or SES.
Other harassment.
3.04: In general, psychologists are enjoined to ___________________ clients and others whenever possible, and to minimize harm when it is unavoidable.
Avoid harming.
3.05: “A multiple relationship occurs when a psychologist is in a ______________________ with a person and (1) at the same time is in another role with the person, (2) at the same time is in a relationship with a person ___________________ or related to the person…or (3) promises to ___________________________ in the future with the person or a person closely associated with or related to the person.”
- Professional role
- Closely associated with
- Enter into another relationship
A psychologist should not enter into a multiple relationship if it might impair the psychologist’s _________________, competence, or ___________________, or if it might harm or exploit the other party.
- Objectivity
- Effectiveness
If due to unforseen factors, a harmful multiple relationship does occur, the psychologist should “attempt to _____________________ with due regard for the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with the Ethics Code.”
Resolve it.
When psychologists are required to serve in more than one role in a judicial or administrative proceeding (e.g., appearing as a consultant for one party and a fact witness for the court), they should clarify __________________ and the _______________________, and update this clarification as often as changes occur.
- Their roles
- Limits of confidentiality
APA’s Guidelines for Child Custody Evaluations in Family Law Proceedings (2010) state that a psychologist conducting a custody evaluation with a ______________________, or conducting therapy with a current or prior ________________________ are both considered multiple relationships. Although not explicity prohibited in the guidelines, the general interpretation/consensus is that these multiple relationships should be avoided.
- Current or prior client
- Custody examinee
3.06: Psychologists should not __________________________________ with someone with whom they already have other relationships or involvement (e.g., financial or personal) if the result would be that the psychologist’s objectivity, competence, or effectiveness would be impaired, or that the other party would suffer harm or exploitation.
Enter into a professional relationship.
3.07: When psychologists provide services at the request of a third party (e.g., an insurance company, EAP, the courts), psychologists should clarify at the outset of treatment their __________, who the _____________ is, the probable uses of the services, and any limits to confidentiality.
- Role
- Client
3.08: Psychologists shouldn’t __________ people over whom they are in a position of power, such as clients, students, supervisees, research participants, and employees.
Exploit.
3.09: Psychologists should ______________ with other professionals, as appropriate, in order to serve the best interests of their clients.
Cooperate.
When psychologists engage in research, assessment, therapy, counseling, or consultation (whether in person or via electronic means), they must ________________________ from the individuals with whom they work. The language used must be reasonably understandable to the clients. An exception to this requirement occurs when laws, or governmental regulations, mandate conducting these activities ___________________.
- Secure informed consent
- Without consent
Note: When clients are legally incapable of giving consent (e.g., a minor), psychologists must obtain permission from a legally authorized person. Psychologists must also provide these clients with an explanation, seek their assent, and consider their wishes and best interests. Psychologists should also protect the rights and welfare of these persons even when consent from a legally authorized person is not mandated or permitted by law.
3.11: When psychologists work in or for organizations, they should thoroughly inform clients and those affected by the services about the following issues;
- The _____________ of the psychological services
- The intended ______________
- Which persons are clients
- The relationship between the psychologist and ________________ and the psychologist and the organization
- The probable uses of the services and information
- Who will have access to the information
- Any limits of confidentiality
- Nature
- Recipients
- Each person
Note: Psychologists should provide feedback after evaluation and treatment. If feedback is precluded for legal or organizational reasons (e.g., in certain court proceedings or some employee evaluations), psychologists should inform the person of this fact ahead of time.
