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Weimar & Nazi Germany > The establishment of Weimar > Flashcards

The establishment of Weimar Flashcards

1
Q

Who was appointed German Chancellor in October 1918?

A

Prince Max of Baden

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2
Q

The October Reforms saw what political party brought into the Kaiser’s government?

A

SPD

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3
Q

On October 3 Prince Max sent what to President Wilson?

A

Peace Note

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4
Q

How many points did President Wilson set out?

A

14

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5
Q

Why did the Kaiser reform his government in October 1918?

A

Because Ludendorff told him that the war was lost

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6
Q

When did sailors begin to mutiny?

A

28 October

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7
Q

When did the Kiel Naval Mutiny begin?

A

3 November 1918

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8
Q

What had sprung up spontaneously around Germany by 6 November 1918?

A

Workers’ and Soldiers’ Councils

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9
Q

On 8 November where was a Republic proclaimed?

A

Bavaria

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10
Q

Which political party called on workers in Berlin to join a General Strike to force the Kaiser to abdicate?

A

SPD

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11
Q

Who unilaterally proclaimed that the Kaiser had abdicated on November 9?

A

Prince Max of Baden

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12
Q

Who replaced Prince Max as Chancellor on November 9?

A

Friedrich Ebert of SPD

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13
Q

Which SPD leader declared a Republic in Berlin?

A

Philip Scheidemann

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14
Q

Who told the Kaiser that the army would no longer fight for him?

A

General Groener

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15
Q

Was Ebert a revolutionary?

A

No

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16
Q

When was the armistice that ended the fighting in the First World War signed?

A

11 November 1918

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17
Q

What was Ebert’s immediate priorities?

A

Keep Germany from disintegrating…and organising elections to a Constituent Assembly

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18
Q

Which revolutionary group did Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxembourg lead?

A

Spartacist League (later KPD)

19
Q

Which party, that broke away from SPD, did Hugo Hasse lead?

A

USPD

20
Q

When did the new SPD and the Soldiers’ and Workers’ Councils sign a compromise deal?

A

22 November

21
Q

Who (on Nov 10) assured Ebert of the army’s loyalty…if, in return, the SPD government left the army alone?

A

General Groener

22
Q

When did sailors of Volksmarinedivision revolt against the government?

A

23 – 24 December

23
Q

When did the Spartacists revolt?

A

6 January 1919 (January Revolution)

24
Q

Who crushed both the sailors and the Spartacists revolts?

A

Reichswehr & Freikorps

25
Q

When were elections to the new Constituent Assembly held?

A

19 January 1919

26
Q

Who was allowed to vote for the first time?

A

Women

27
Q

Which party won most seats in the 1919 elections?

A

SPD

28
Q

Which party represented mostly Catholic interests?

A

Centre (Z)

29
Q

Which party was left-leaning liberal party?

A

German Democratic Party (DDP)

30
Q

Which right wing nationalist party rejected democracy?

A

German National People’s Party (DNVP)

31
Q

Did the German People’s Party (DVP) oppose the new republic but promise to work with the government?

A

Yes

32
Q

Where did the new assembly meet?

A

Weimar

33
Q

Who was elected (by the Assembly) as the first President of the Weimar Republic?

A

Ebert

34
Q

What voting system did the new Weimar Constitution use in federal elections?

A

Proportional representation

35
Q

Were ‘all Germans equal before the law’ under the new Weimar Constitution?

A

Yes

36
Q

What percentage of the electorate needed to support an issue in order to cause a referendum to be called?

A

10%

37
Q

What article allowed the President to rule by decree?

A

48

38
Q

What was the difference between the Reichstag and Lander?

A

National parliament vs local (state) parliament

39
Q

What Article of the Constitution guaranteed the independence of the judiciary?

A

Article 102

40
Q

What did General von Seeckt (Commander-in-Chief of the Army from 1920) think about the Republic?

A

He thought it was just temporary and that the army did not owe it any loyalty

41
Q

Was the civil service generally made up of officials from the Kaiser’s time?

A

Yes

42
Q

Did most German’s think that the army had been defeated in WW1?

A

No

43
Q

Did most German’s think that the army had been ‘stabbed in the back’ by left wing politicians and Jews in WW1?

A

Yes

Weimar & Nazi Germany (7 decks)

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