The Era of revolution Flashcards
The Atlantic Revolution
Holland, England, America and France
Demographic growth and the rise of the Middle Class.
France: the Rise of the Modern Nation State:
One People ,One army, one
Language
Two models of Freedom derive from the French Revolution:
The liberal model and “The Despotism of Freedom” : Can we export Democracy and freedom by the use of our military might?
The scientific revolution
Galileo, Kepler, Copernicus, and Newton.
Francis Beacon
The inductive approach.
Thomas Hobbes
Leviathan – 1651. The first modern political critic. Fear of
anarchy and chaos. The king receives authority from the people not from God.
Isaac Newton:
the rules of Physics: Principia – 1687.
John Lock
The Mass on the Human Mind – 1690. All men ate born Tabula Rasa (a clean board).
Immanuel Kant
1784 – “What is Education”. Man is based on his brains.
Voltaire: 1694 – 1778 .Attacking the Church: “Ecrasez L’infame”
Hollbach
the idea of God is the source of fear and superstition.
Diderot:
the French Encyclopedia – spreading the idea of Enlightenment
Political Thought
Non of the major philosophers of Enlightenment preached for Democracy the way we understand it. They advocated a balance of power, that’s why most of them support a Constitutional Monarchy.
The Uniqueness of the American Revolution
The Constitution and “the absence of the past and the concept of Futurism”.
The French and American liberal concept of nationalism based on
common universal human values.
The Industrial Revolution
The impact of technology on the concept of time, transportation, society, hygiene, and the rise of feminism.
