The Enlightenment in Europe Flashcards
1
Q
What was the Enlightenment?
A
- Philosophers and scholars tried to get new perspectives on people’s opinion about economics, education, religion, and government.
- This was the beginning of Enlightenment, a start of thought that emphasized reason, thought, and the power of people to solve problems.
2
Q
Another name for the Enlightenment was what?
A
The Age of Reason
3
Q
How did the Enlightenment start?
A
It started from some key ideas put forth by 2 English political thinkers of the 1600s.
4
Q
Who were the 2 English political thinkers that put forth ideas?
A
- Thomas Hobbes
- John Locke
5
Q
Did Hobbes and Locke come to the same conclusions about human nature?
A
No; they came to different conclusions
6
Q
What did Hobbes think about human nature?
A
- Hobbes thought that all humans were naturally selfish and wicked.
- Hobbes said that without a government, there would be war and life would be solitary, poor, nasty, and brutish and short.
- This had ended up leading to gaining a law and order system. Which hobbes later called this agreement the social contract.
7
Q
What did Hobbes want?
A
He wanted Absolutism.
8
Q
What is a social contract?
A
A social contract is when you hand over your rights.
9
Q
What did John Locke believe about human nature?
A
- John Locke had a more positive view of human nature
- He thought and believed that people could learn from experience which can help them to improve.
- He thought that people had the natural ability to govern their own affairs.
- Locke had criticized absolute monarchies and leaned towards the idea of self government.
- Locke says that all people are born free with natural rights.
10
Q
What are the 3 natural rights?
A
- Life
- Liberty
- Property
11
Q
Natural rights are the foundation of what?
A
All rights
12
Q
A
