The Enlightenment

Question 1

Explain Hobbes social contract

Answer 1

Hobbes social contract was a situation where people gave up their freedom and rights in exchange for protection.

Question 2

Explain John Locke’s idea of a social contract

Answer 2

Locke believed that a social contract was an agreement between people and the government in which the people gave up some freedoms and in return, the government would protect their rights.

Question 3

What was the Enlightenment?

Answer 3

an intellectual movement that focused on reason, thought, and the power of the individual to solve problems.

Question 4

What were the 5 concepts that the philosophes based their beliefs on?

Answer 4

• Reason : truth can be discovered through logical thinking
• Nature : anything natural is good and reasonable
• Happiness : people should find happiness on earth
• Progress: society and humankind can improve
• Liberty : they called for freedom of the English people

Question 5

How did Voltaire contribute to the Enlightenment?

Answer 5

• fought for tolerance, freedom of speech, freedom of religious belief
• often targeted the clergy and government

Question 6

How did Montesquieu contribute to the Enlightenment?

Answer 6

• came up with the idea of the separation of powers, which became the basis for the american rev