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AP European History > The English Reformation > Flashcards

The English Reformation Flashcards

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1
Q

English Reformation

A

Early English reforms

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2
Q

William Tyndale

A

A humanist, translated the English bible in 1526

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3
Q

Henry VIII

A

2nd of the Tudor monarchs, had earlier been a conservative and critical of Lutheranism and reform

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4
Q

Defense of the Seven Sacraments

A

Criticized Luther’s views, supported by Henry VIII

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5
Q

Catherine of Aragon

A

Wife of Henry, could not conceive a son

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6
Q

Anne Boleyn

A

Was a mistress of Henry

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7
Q

Thomas Wolsey

A

The English Archbishop working on behalf of Henry, ultimately failed to get the papal approval

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8
Q

Thomas Cranmer

A

Replaced Wolsey and convinced Henry in 1533 that he could divorce Catherine by breaking away from Rome

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9
Q

Church of England

A

Henry breaks away from the Catholic Church

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10
Q

Act of Supremacy

A

(1534) Made the king officially the head of the church

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11
Q

Pilgrimage of Grace

A

A huge multi class rebellion, the largest on English history

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12
Q

Statue of the Six Articles

A

Anglican Church maintained most of the Catholic doctrines

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13
Q

Edward VI

A

Ten years old when he became the king. Those who governed on his behalf were strongly Protestant

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14
Q

Mary Tudor “Bloody Mary”

A

Tried to reimpose Catholicism

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15
Q

Marian Exiles

A

Protestants fled England fearing persecution

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16
Q

Elizabeth I

A

Daughter of Henry, and Anne Boleyn. Catholics saw her as an illegitimate child and thus rejected her legitimacy regarding the throne

17
Q

Politique

A

She was a practical politician who carefully navigated a middle ground between Anglicanism and Protestantism

18
Q

Elizabethan Settlement

A

Elizabeth and parliament required conformity to the Church of England but people were, in effect, allowed to worship Protestantism and Catholicism privately

19
Q

Thirty Nine Articles

A

Defined the creed of Anglican Church

20
Q

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots

A

Was thought to be put on the throne after Elizabeth

21
Q

Katerina Von Bora

A

Wife of Martin Lither, marriages became more compassionate, emphasizing the love between men and women, these two showed it well

22
Q

Angela Merici

A

Founded the Ursuline Order of Nuns in the 1530s to provide education and religious training

23
Q

Teresa de Avila

A

Major Spanish leader of the reform movement for monasteries and convents

24
Q

The Catholic Reformation

A

“Counter Reformation”

25
Q

Pope Paul III

A

Most important pope in reforming the church and challenging Protestantism, sought to improve church discipline through existing doctrines

26
Q

Council of Trent

A

Established Catholics dogma for the next four centuries, equal validity of Scripture, Church traditions, and the writings of the Church fathers

27
Q

Index of Prohibited Books

A

Books that supported Protestantism or that were overly critical of the church (e.g. Erasmus) were banned from Catholic countries

28
Q

Jesuits

A

Society of Jesus, wanted to reform the church through education, spread the gospel to pagan people’s, and fright Protestantism

29
Q

Ignatius Loyola

A

Founder of the Jesuits

30
Q

Spanish and Italian Inquisitions

A

The Jesuits oversaw both inquisitions

31
Q

Baroque Art

A

Began in Catholic Reformation countries to teach in a concrete and emotional way and demonstrate the glory and power of the Catholic Church

32
Q

Gianlorenzo Bernini

A

Personified baroque architecture and sculpture

33
Q

Colonnade

A

For piazza in front of St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Hs greatest architectural achievement by Bernini

34
Q

Canopy over St. Peter’s Tomb

A

Sculpted by Bernini

35
Q

Ecstasy of St. Teresa

A

Evokes tremendous emotion, also by Bernini

36
Q

Caravaggio

A

Roman painter who created Tenebrism, which uses sharp contrasts of light and dark to create drama

37
Q

Peter Paul Rubens

A

Flemish painter, worked for the Hapsburg court in Brussels, emphasized color and sensuality

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