The English Civil War + Interregnum Flashcards
When did Charles I become king?
1625
When were the ‘eleven years of tyranny’, and what were they?
1629-1640. During this time, Charles I ruled without Parliament’s help.
When was the battle of Edgehill? Who won?
October 23rd, 1642. There was no clear winner, but both sides claimed they had won.
When was the battle of Newbury? Who won?
September 20th, 1643. The Cavaliers retreated, so the Roundheads won.
When was the battle of Marston Moore? Who won?
July 2nd, 1644. The Roundheads won.
When was the battle of Naseby? Who won?
June 14th, 1645. The Cavaliers surrendered and the Roundheads won, thanks to their ‘pincer movement’ tactic.
When did the New Model Army begin?
1645.
What was the New Model Army?
A trained army for the Roundheads. It let any good soldier, regardless of social status, to rise up the ranks (meritocracy).
When was Charles I executed?
30th January, 1649
When was Charles I first put on trial?
20th January, 1649
When was war first declared?
22nd August, 1642 (when Charles I raised his standard at Nottingham)
What and when was the Interregnum?
Between 1649 (Charles I’s execution) and 1660. It literally translates to ‘between monarchs’- in this period, power rested with Oliver Cromwell.
What was the Reformation?
It was a religious reform movement that resulted in a new branch of Christianity- Protestantism. It was initiated by Martin Luther.
True or False- Oliver Cromwell cancelled Christmas.
False. He believed religious events were pious, reflective and godly moments, so no turkey or tree. Christmas Day was still a day off work.
