The Energy System Flashcards
What is the energy currency for the body?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency for the body.
What dose aerobic mean?
Aerobic means ‘with oxygen’.
What dose anaerobic mean?
Means ‘without oxygen’
What is creatine phosphate?
Creatine phosphate (also called phosphocreatine) when broken down releases a phosphate and energy, which is then used to rebuild ATP.
Which energy system can produce energy for a long duration?
Aerobic system.
Which energy system would be used maximally during a 100-metre sprint?
Creatine phosphate system.
Which energy system would be used predominantly during a 400-metre sprint?
Lactate system.
What are the by-products of the aerobic energy system?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).
What would be experienced when lactic acid levels rise in the muscle?
This is known as the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA), which is associated with sensations, such as laboured breathing (breathlessness), ‘heavy’ limbs and pain (‘the burn’) usually causing a necessity to slow or stop.
How is carbon dioxide removed from the body?
Carbon dioxide is transported to the lungs via the circulatory system.
Which energy system uses glycogen and fats to produce ATP?
Aerobic.
Which energy system uses glycogen without oxygen to produce ATP?
Lactate.
What is H2O?
H2O is the chemical symbol for water.
What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?
O2
What is the chemical symbol for carbon dioxide?
CO2
Describe how carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used in the production of energy/adenosine triphosphate.
Aerobic metabolism fuels most of the energy needed for long duration activity. It uses oxygen to convert nutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and protein) to ATP.
Wat are the three energy systems?
- Aerobic.
- Lactate.
- Creatine phosphate.
Explain the use of the aerobic energy system
Aerobic energy is produced within the mitochondria of the cell.
Required input: fatty acids, glucose and oxygen.
Resulting output: regenerated ATP, carbon dioxide and water.
What are the parameters for the aerobic energy system?
- Slower energy-producing system.
- Large energy output.
- Unlimited energy supply (providing the inputs are available).
- By-products do not fatigue the body.
- Sustains longer duration activities.
- Operates up to approximately 60% exercise intensity.
- Recovery is based on rest, food and drink intake.
Explain the use of the lactate energy system
Anaerobic energy through the lactate system is produced within the cytoplasm of the cell, outside of the mitochondria.
Required input: glucose only.
Resulting output: regenerated ATP and lactic acid.
What are the parameters for the lactate energy system?
- Moderately fast energy-producing system.
- Moderate energy output.
- Limited energy supply (glucose availability).
- By-product of lactic acid causes fatigue and reduces performance.
- Sustains activity between approximately 1-3 minutes.
- Operates between approximately 60-95% exercise intensity.
- Recovery can take between 20 minutes-2 hours.
Explain the use of the creatine phosphate energy system
Anaerobic energy through the creatine phosphate system is produced in the cytoplasm of the muscle cells, outside the mitochondria.
Required input: creatine phosphate only.
Resulting output: regenerated ATP and creatine.
What are the parameters for the creatine phosphate energy system?
- Very fast energy-producing system.
- High to maximal energy output.
- Very limited energy supply.
- No fatiguing by-products.
- Sustains activity between approximately 0-10 seconds.
- Operates between approximately 95-100% exercise intensity.
- Recovery can take between 30 seconds-5 minutes.
