The Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

what hormones does the pancreas release into the digestive system?

A

insulin & glucagon

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2
Q

What does the Pancreas’ endocrine cells produce?

A

Islet of Langerhans

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3
Q

What does the Pancreas’ exocrine cells produce?

A

pancreatic enzymes

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4
Q

what does insulin do?

A

causes cells to take in glucose to use as energy or store as fat

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5
Q

Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes)

is due to?

A

-either the pancreas producing insufficient amounts of insulin
OR
-the body not properly using insulin produced

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6
Q

what hormones does the Thyroid gland produce?

A

T3 (thyroxine) & T4 (triiodothyronine)

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7
Q

what are the 2 main types of thyroid disease?

A

hypothyroidism & hyperthyroidism

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8
Q

define hyperthyroidism

A

the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone so all metabolic processes speed up

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9
Q

define hypothyroidism

A

the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient amount of the thyroid hormone and all metabolic processes slow down

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10
Q

where are the adrenal glands located?

A

on top of each kidney

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11
Q

list the different classifications of the Endocrine System drugs (4)

A
  1. insulins
  2. oral diabetic agents
  3. thyroid hormones
  4. glucocorticoids
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12
Q

what does the adrenal cortex secrete?

A

glucocorticoids (GCs)

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13
Q

why are GCs so important?

A
  • they treat inflammatory conditions

ie: anaphylaxis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, arthritis etc

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14
Q

why are GCs used right after an organ transplant?

A

to help prevent rejection of the donor organ

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15
Q

what does an Oral Diabetic Agent do?

A

help control blood glucose levels

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16
Q

what do Thyroid Hormone drugs do?

A

replace the body’s natural thyroid hormone

17
Q

what do Insulin drugs do?

A

replace the body’s natural insulin

18
Q

what do Glucocorticoid drugs do?

A

treat severe allergic reactions and inflammatory conditions