The Endocrine Pancreas Flashcards
What forms the endocrine pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
What are the four cell types of the islet of Langerhans?
- Alpha
- Beta
- Delta
- Pancreatic Polypeptide-secreting cells
What does the alpha cells secrete? It’s job?
Glucagon which induces gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis
What do the beta cells secrete?
Insulin
What do the delta cells secrete? Job?
Somatostatin; inhibits pituitary release of GH and insulin and glucagon
Distinct morphologic features of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
Resemble normal islet cells and other well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the body
What are the functioning PanNETs?
- insulinoma
- glucagonoma
- somatostatinoma
- gastrinoma
- VIPoma
Most common functioning PanNET?
insulinoma
In what syndrome are PanNETs often found?
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome Type I
What are the effects of insulinomas?
Hypoglycemia and related effects
Syx of glucagonoma?
- Mild Diabetes
- Necrotizing, migratory, erythematous rash
- Anemia
- Diarrhea
- DVT
SEs of pancreatic gastrinoma?
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Intractable Gastric Hypersecretion
- Severe Peptic Ulceration of Duod/Jejun
- High Blood Gastrin Levels
Symptoms of a somatostatinoma?
- Achlorhydria
- Cholelithiasis
- Diabetes
- Steatorrhea
Syx of a VIPoma?
Glycogenolysis and Hyperglycemia
- Watery/Profuse/Explosive Diarrhea
- Hypokalemia
- Achlorhydria
What staining is used to ID PanNETs?
Chromogranin A, synaptophysin, Respective hormone
