The end of The Cold War, 1970 - 91 Flashcards
When and what was ‘Ping-Pong diplomacy’?
1971
Chinese diplomats played table tennis with the American diplomats
Let China into the UN in 1971
When and what was ‘Salt I (1)’?
1972
1) SALT stands for “Strategic Arms Limitation Talks”.
2) Happened between the USA and Russia.
3) 5-year freeze on ICBM’s and bombers
4) ABM’s only allowed at 2 sites – Capital city and the main missile site.
When was the ‘Helsinki agreement’?
What do we remember for this event!? :)
1975
THE BASKETS!!! :)
Where did countries meet for the ‘Helsinki agreement’?
Finland
What are the three baskets for the ‘Helsinki agreement’?
1) Security
2) Co-Operation
3) Human rights
Give two Security points for the ‘Helsinki agreement’
1) Recognition of Europe’s borders
2) Soviet Union accepted the existence of west Germany
Give one Co-Operation point for the ‘Helsinki agreement’
1) Closer economic, scientific and cultural links leading to good political ties
Give three Human Rights points for the ‘Helsinki agreement’
1) Each country would agree to respect human rights
2) Freedom of speech, thought and religion
3) Freedom from unfair arrest
When and what was ‘Salt II (2)’?
1979
Further talks on weapons limitations
Signed under P. Carter
Why was ‘Salt II (2)’ never ratified?
‘Détente’ ended when Russia invaded Afghanistan in 1979 (Soviet invasion of Afghanistan).
When was ‘Détente’ officially deemed over?
When the ‘Soviet invasion of Afghanistan’ was initiated, in 1979/80
Who were the ‘Mujahideen’?
They were an Islamic fundamentalist group who wanted to return Afghanistan to their old ways. They were very popular!
What did P. Carter do in response to the ‘Soviet invasion of Afghanistan’?
P. Carter took a tough approach to the invasion. According to the Carter Doctrine, the US would use military force if necessary to defend its interests in the Persian Golf region.
How many soldiers were sent to Afghanistan to restore order (to protect the Communist regime from the Mujahideen)
Over 50,000 soldiers
When and what was the ‘Geneva Summit’?
1985
No formal agreements, but Reagan and Gorbachev established a good working relationship, and a mutual desire to improve relations between the two countries.
When and what was the ‘Reykjavik Summit’?
1986
Both leaders knew that the America could not agree to give up the SDI. Once again, the meeting broke up with no formal agreements but an improvement in tensions.
When and what was the ‘Washington Summit’?
1987
This was the first US-Soviet summit to lead to the signing of a formal treaty – The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF) treaty.
Stated that both countries would abolish all land-based missiles with a range of 500-5,500 km.
IMPORTANT!
When and what was the ‘Moscow Summit’?
1988
Minor details about the INF treaty and Afghanistan were talked about here. Not much happened.
What was the ‘INF treaty’?
“The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force (INF) treaty”.
Stated that both countries would abolish all land-based missiles with a range of 500-5,500 km.
When and what was the ‘Malta Summit’?
No new agreements were made, but both the USA and the Soviet Union saw this meeting as the end of the Cold War.
YAYYYYYYYY!!!
What date marks the fall of the Berlin Wall?
November 1989!!!
The Soviet Union was disbanded, now just Russia. The Berlin Wall came down.
END OF COLD WAR!!!
