The employee life cycle Flashcards
Attraction
What are the stages of the employee life cycle?
Attraction, Recruitment, Onboarding, Development, Retention, Separation
Each stage plays a crucial role in managing employee experience and organizational effectiveness.
What is the purpose of the Attraction stage in the employee life cycle?
Management meeting to decide what person the company needs, what department, what communication lines and mission, vision and values
This stage sets the foundation for the recruitment process.
What activities are involved in the Recruitment stage?
Create a job advertisement, look at resumes, Seek Ad, job interviews, job description
This stage focuses on attracting suitable candidates.
What is included in the Onboarding process?
Induction checklist to ensure the employee knows what to do in regard to job description, what’s required, health and safety
Effective onboarding helps new employees integrate into the organization.
What is the purpose of Development in the employee life cycle?
Appraisals to monitor progress, gather employee feedback, and offer training
This stage aims to enhance employee skills and job satisfaction.
What strategies can be used for Retention of employees?
Incentives, rewards system, staff parties, making employees feel engaged
Retention strategies help lower staff turnover and improve morale.
What is the purpose of Separation in the employee life cycle?
Exit interviews to see why they left and if there are any issues, give feedback and offer suggestions
Understanding reasons for separation can help improve retention strategies.
Define Organizational Structure.
The hierarchical arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organisation
It determines how roles, power, and responsibilities are assigned.
What is a Centralised organizational structure?
Decision-making authority and control are concentrated at the top levels of the hierarchy
This structure provides clear direction but may demotivate employees.
List the advantages of a Centralised organizational structure.
- Consistency across business
- Clear direction
- Closely controlled operations
- Clear chain of command
These advantages help maintain organizational order.
List the disadvantages of a Centralised organizational structure.
- Can demotivate employees
- Standardised approach may not work in all businesses
- May lower productivity
These disadvantages can hinder organizational effectiveness.
What is a Decentralised organizational structure?
Decision-making authority and control are distributed across various levels of the organisation
This structure allows for more localized decision-making.
List the advantages of a Decentralised organizational structure.
- Improved employee motivation
- Localized decision-making
- More responsibility for employees
These advantages can enhance responsiveness to local needs.
List the disadvantages of a Decentralised organizational structure.
- Inconsistency across the business
- Potential for ineffective decisions
- May negatively impact sales
These disadvantages can lead to a lack of coherence in business strategy.
Define a Distributed organizational structure.
A modern approach that emphasises flexibility, remote work, and a networked model
This structure contrasts with traditional hierarchical models.
List the advantages of a Distributed organizational structure.
- Better coverage across time zones
- Higher productivity
- Access to a fresh talent pool
- Cost savings on real estate
- Better diversity
These advantages can enhance global business operations.
List the disadvantages of a Distributed organizational structure.
- Challenges of working across time zones
- Absence of in-person interactions
- Difficulty in task tracking
These disadvantages can complicate team dynamics.
Define a Mission Statement.
A concise declaration of an organisation’s core purpose and focus
It outlines what the organization does and how it serves its audience.
What are the key characteristics of a Mission Statement?
- Purpose and focus
- Audience
- Present-Orientated
These characteristics help in aligning organizational activities with its core objectives.
List the benefits of a Mission Statement.
- Clarity and focus
- Guidance in decision-making
- Employment alignment and motivation
- Public image and branding
- Consistent culture
These benefits enhance organizational effectiveness.
Define a Vision Statement.
Describes the desired long-term results of the company’s efforts
It provides a roadmap for future aspirations.
What are the key characteristics of a Vision Statement?
- Future-Orientated
- Inspirational
- Guidance for strategic goals
These characteristics help motivate employees towards long-term objectives.
List the benefits of a Vision Statement.
- Strategic direction
- Inspiration and motivation
- Unified focus
- Enhanced decision-making
- Organisational growth
These benefits support sustained organizational success.
Define Organizational Culture.
The systems of values and beliefs that drive action and behaviours in an organisation
It influences how employees interact and perform.
List the types of Organizational Culture.
- Competitive
- Caring
- Conservative
- Blaming
- Innovative
- Learning
- Cooperative
- Open
Each type reflects different workplace dynamics.
What are strategies to improve organizational culture?
- Create and enforce company mission, vision and values
- Promote the culture
- Focus groups
- Team building exercises
- Recruitment processes
- Transparent communication
- Ensure job description fits purpose
- Keep all paperwork up to date
These strategies foster a positive work environment.
Why is organizational culture important?
- Prevents boredom
- Reduces tiredness
- Enhances connectedness
- Overcomes personality conflicts
- Facilitates collaboration
A positive culture improves overall employee satisfaction.
Define Company Values.
The fundamental beliefs and guiding principles that drive an organisation’s behaviours
They shape the identity and culture of the organization.
List the reasons why Company Values are important.
- Guidance
- Cultural foundation
- Employee alignment
- Brand identity
- Decision making tool
- Attracting talent
- Long term vision
These reasons contribute to organizational coherence and employee satisfaction.
What are the four types of communication?
- Verbal
- Non-verbal
- Written
- Visual
Each type plays a unique role in effective communication.
Define Verbal Communication.
Involves the use of spoken word to convey information, ideas, or feelings
It includes conversations, phone calls, and presentations.
List the advantages of Verbal Communication.
- Allows for real-time feedback
- Clarifications possible
- Immediate resolution of issues
These advantages enhance interpersonal communication.
List the disadvantages of Verbal Communication.
- Prone to misunderstandings
- Unclear expression may lead to misinterpretation
These disadvantages can hinder effective communication.
Define Non-verbal Communication.
Involves conveying information without using words
It includes body language, gestures, and facial expressions.
List the advantages of Non-verbal Communication.
- Enhances understanding
- Complements spoken messages
These advantages reinforce the intended meaning.
List the disadvantages of Non-verbal Communication.
- Can be ambiguous
- Leads to misunderstandings
Ambiguity can complicate communication.
Define Written Communication.
Involves conveying information through written words
It includes emails, reports, and memos.
List the advantages of Written Communication.
- Provides a lasting record
- Can be referenced later
This advantage aids in clarity and verification.
List the disadvantages of Written Communication.
- Delay in receiving responses
- Can be interpreted differently
These disadvantages may slow down decision-making.
Define Visual Communication.
Uses images, graphics, charts, and diagrams to convey information
Visuals help in simplifying complex data.
List the advantages of Visual Communication.
- Quickly conveys complex information
- Easier to understand
Visuals can enhance engagement and comprehension.
List the disadvantages of Visual Communication.
- Subject to individual interpretation
- May lead to confusion
Misinterpretation can hinder clarity.
Define Motivation.
Internal and external factors that stimulate desire and energy in people
Motivation is crucial for job commitment and effort.
Why is motivation important for HR?
- Employee engagement and retention
- Performance and productivity
- Talent attraction
- Skill development and growth
- Positive work environment
- Innovation and creativity
Motivation is key to organizational success.
Define Internal Motivation.
Driven by personal satisfaction, enjoyment, and a sense of purpose
This motivation comes from within the individual.
Give an example of Internal Motivation in tourism.
Concierge because they have a genuine enjoyment of customer service and helping people out
This reflects intrinsic satisfaction.
Define External Motivation.
Influenced by external rewards, recognition, or consequences
This motivation is based on external factors.
Give an example of External Motivation in tourism.
Work hard because there are tips or incentives like ‘sell this much and you’ll get a bottle of wine’
This reflects the impact of external rewards.
List indicators of low motivation.
- Lack of enthusiasm
- Decreased productivity
- Missed deadlines
- Isolation
- Negative attitude
- Attendance issues
Recognizing these indicators can help address motivation issues.
List reasons for low motivation.
- Lack of recognition
- Monotonous tasks
- Personal issues
- Inadequate feedback
- Limited growth opportunities
- Reward does not match effort
Understanding these reasons can help improve employee engagement.
Define Conflict in the workplace.
A clash between individuals arising out of differences in thought processes, attitudes, and interests
Managing conflict is vital for maintaining a healthy work environment.
Why does HR need to manage conflict?
- Reduces stress
- Preserves relationships
- Enhances communication
- Strengthens leadership
- Minimises turnover
- Reduces legal risks
Effective conflict management contributes to a positive workplace.
Define Intrapersonal Conflict.
Conflicts within the workplace that manifest as an employee struggling to balance personal aspirations with job responsibilities
This type of conflict is internal and can impact job performance.
Give an example of Intrapersonal Conflict in tourism.
Applying for a job at a hotel and being put into housekeeping
This reflects a mismatch between aspirations and assigned duties.
Define Interpersonal Conflict.
Conflicts that arise between colleagues or supervisors due to differences in work styles or communication preferences
These conflicts can disrupt team dynamics.
Give an example of Interpersonal Conflict in tourism.
Conflict between a manager in front office and a colleague
This reflects differences in working styles or expectations.
Define Intragroup Conflict.
Conflicts within a workplace team due to differences in workloads or project approaches
Such conflicts can hinder team collaboration.
Give an example of Intragroup Conflict in tourism.
Arguing over the best way to serve a guest
This reflects disagreements on team strategy.
Define Intergroup Conflict.
Conflicts that emerge between different departments or teams due to competition for resources or conflicting objectives
Managing these conflicts is essential for organizational cohesion.
Give an example of Intergroup Conflict in tourism.
Conflict between kitchen and F&B departments
This reflects competition for resources and differing priorities.
List types of organizational culture that may cause conflict.
- Blaming culture
- Competitive culture
- Favouritism culture
- Non-communicative culture
These cultural types can exacerbate workplace tensions.
List the five reactions to conflict.
- Avoiding
- Competing
- Accommodating
- Compromising
- Collaborating
Understanding these reactions can help in conflict resolution strategies.
Why is personality important for HR
So they are aware of who can work well together and where they fit in the company.
What is an introvert
More inward turning, most comfortable and thrive in alone time, process things best alone
What are the personality types
Openess, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
Define openess
Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure and unusual ideas, imaginative and curious
Define conscientiousness
Shows self discipline and aim for high achievement
Define extroversion
Energy, urgency, seeks simulation from the company of others
Define agreeableness
Is compassionate, cooperative, rather than suspicious toward others
Define neuroticism
Easily experience unpleasant emotions such as anxiety anger or depression
Unconscious bias definition
Describes the associations we hold, outside of our conscious awareness and control
Diversity Definition
Any dimension that can be used to differentiate groups and people from one another
