The Effective Lesson Using Direct Instruction

Question 1

What is direct instruction also known as?

Answer 1

• Active teaching
• Explicit teaching
• Explicit instruction

Question 2

What is direct instruction?

Answer 2

A method of instruction that involves introduction and review, teacher presentation, guided practice, and independent practice

Question 3

What are the 7 steps to direct instruction in a lesson?

Answer 3

1. State learning objectives and orient students to the lesson
2. Review prerequisites
3. Present new material
4. Conduct learning process
5. Provide independent practice
6. Assess performance and provide feedback
7. Provide distributed practice and review

Question 4

What is the correct amount of time per day per course to give homework in high-school?

Answer 4

Approx 30 minutes per subject per day

Question 5

What are concepts?

Answer 5

Categories into which we group our knowledge and experiences

Question 6

What do concepts act as?

Answer 6

Intellectual magnets that attract and order related thoughts and experiences

Question 7

A concept is anything that has:

Answer 7

MUST HAVE ALL 3
1. A label
2. A definition
3. Two or more examples that match a definition and share certain key characteristics that set them apart from other things without those characteristics (like BIRDS vs. FISH).

Question 8

In order to be labelled a concept, a concept must have what?

Answer 8

Criteria attributes

Question 9

What are criterial attributes?

Answer 9

Essential characteristics and defining features of something (like an object for example)
* They must be presented in a particular sequence to qualify (known as concept definition or RULE)
- Ex: chair rule: piece of furniture consisting of a seat, back, legs, designed for one person to sit.

Question 10

What are non-criterial attributes?

Answer 10

Features that frequently are present in concept illustrations, but they are not an essential part of the concept
- For example, many chairs are made of wood, but they could also be made of metal or plastic

Question 11

What are the 3 types of concepts?

Answer 11

Conjunctive, relational, disjunctive

Question 12

What is a conjunctive concept?

Answer 12

A concept that has a single set of qualities or characteristics
- Ex: “a piece of furniture consisting of a seat, legs and back, designed for one person” - Chair

Question 13

What is a disjunctive concept?

Answer 13

A concept that has 2 or more sets of criterial attributes
- Ex: “a native or naturalized member of a nation who owes allegiance to its government and who is entitles to its protection” - Citizen

Question 14

What is a relational concept?

Answer 14

A concept that demonstrates a comparison or relationship between objects or events
- Ex: “of a deep colour” - Dark

Question 15

How do we teach concepts?

Answer 15

Using concept analysis (A.k.a concept attainment)

Question 16

How do we conduct concept analysis (or concept attainment)?

Answer 16

1. We can either give the students the concept definition, then ask them to identify examples and non-examples or:
2. We can present examples and non-examples and ask them to derive a definition
   * The key is to always present examples and non-examples from the easiest to more difficult.