The Earth in Space I

Question 1

shadow

Answer 1

An area of darkness produced when light is blocked by an opaque object

Question 2

axis

Answer 2

The imaginary line through the earth around which it spins.

Question 3

day

Answer 3

The period of time when one section of a planet is facing its sun

Question 4

night

Answer 4

Period of time when one section of a planet is facing away from its sun

Question 5

year

Answer 5

Length of time it takes for a planet to orbit its sun

Question 6

seasons

Answer 6

Changes in the climate during the year as the earth moves around its orbit.

Question 7

poles

Answer 7

The north and south points of the Earth, connected by its axis of tilt.

Question 8

equator

Answer 8

Imaginary line around the middle of the earth

Question 9

northern hemisphere

Answer 9

The half of the earth between the equator and the north pole.

Question 10

southern hemisphere

Answer 10

The half of the earth between the equator and the South Pole

Question 11

star

Answer 11

Body in space that gives out its own light

Question 12

atmosphere

Answer 12

The layer of air above Earth’s surface

Question 13

planets

Answer 13

Any large body that orbits a star in a solar system.

Question 14

Mercury

Answer 14

The planet nearest the Sun

Question 15

Venus

Answer 15

A rocky inner planet, the second from the Sun

Question 16

Mars

Answer 16

A rocky planet, the fourth from the Sun.

Question 17

asteroid

Answer 17

Irregularly shaped lump of rock in orbit around the Sun

Question 18

dwarf planet

Answer 18

A lump of rock in orbit around a star that is nearly spherical but has other objects around it.

Question 19

Pluto

Answer 19

Used to be regarded as the ninth and last planet from the Sun; now called a dwarf planet together with others of the same size that are beyond Pluto’s orbit.

Question 20

exoplanets

Answer 20

A planet in orbit around a star other than our Sun.

Question 21

comets

Answer 21

Bodies in space made of dust particles frozen in ice, which orbit the Sun.

Question 22

meteor

Answer 22

A piece of rock or dust that makes a streak of light in the sky.

Question 23

meteorite

Answer 23

A stony or metallic object that has fallen to earth from outer space without burning up.

Question 24

artificial satellites

Answer 24

Man-made object that orbits the earth

Question 25

global positioning system (GPS)

Answer 25

System that pinpoints the position of something using signals from satellites

Question 26

International Space Station

Answer 26

A research station in orbit around the Earth

Question 27

Solar System

Answer 27

A star and the planets and other bodies that orbit it

Question 28

inner planets

Answer 28

Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

Question 29

asteroid belt

Answer 29

A ring of asteroids in orbit around the Sun

Question 30

outer planets

Answer 30

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Question 31

phases of the moon

Answer 31

Parts of the moon that we see as it orbits the Earth.

Question 32

solar eclipse

Answer 32

Occurs when the moon blocks out the light from the Sun because it is in direct line between the Earth and the Sun, and part of the Earth is in shadow.

Question 33

penumbra

Answer 33

The area of blurred or fuzzy shadow around the edges of the umbra.

Question 34

partial eclipse

Answer 34

Occurs when parts of the light from the Sun is blocked by the Moon or Earth.

Question 35

umbra

Answer 35

The area of total behind an opaque object where no light has reached

Question 36

total eclipse

Answer 36

Occurs when all of the light from the Sun is blocked by Moon or Earth

Question 37

lunar eclipse

Answer 37

Occurs when the light from the Sun is blocked by the Earth because it is in direct line between the Earth and the Sun, and the Moon in shadow

Question 38

eclipse

Answer 38

The Sun or Moon is blocked from view on Earth.

Question 39

spring tide

Answer 39

Higher tide that occurs when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned

Question 40

neap tide

Answer 40

The lower tide that occurs when the Moon is not aligned at all with the Sun.

Question 41

evidence

Answer 41

Observations and decisions that support or disproves a scientific theory.

Question 42

explanation

Answer 42

A statement that gives a reason for something using scientific knowledge.

Question 43

geocentric model

Answer 43

A model of the universe with the Earth at the centre.

Question 44

retrograde motion

Answer 44

The apparent 'backwards' motion of the planets due to the motion of the Earth and the planet around the Sun

Question 45

Universe

Answer 45

Everything that exists.

Question 46

telescope

Answer 46

A device made with lenses that allows distant objects to be seen clearly.

Question 47

heliocentric

Answer 47

Model of the universe with the sun at the centre

Question 48

sunspots

Answer 48

The dark spots on the surface of the Sun

Question 49

data

Answer 49

Measurements taken from an investigation or experiment

Question 50

primary source

Answer 50

Sources of data you collected yourself

Question 51

secondary source

Answer 51

Sources of date collected by others that you use

Question 52

earth

Answer 52

A rocky inner planet. The third planet from the sun.