Energy I Flashcards
energy
A quantity that can be transferred/stored
fuel
A material that contains a store of energy and can be burned (e.g. gas, oil, coal, petrol).
joule (J)
The unit of energy, symbol J.
kilojoules (kJ)
1,000 joules.
coal
A fossil fuel formed from dead plants that have been buried underground over millions of years.
oil
A thick black liquid formed underground from remains of prehistoric plants and animals that died millions of years ago. It is used to make fuels such as petrol and diesel, and many plastics.
fair test
A controlled investigation in which only one variable is changed while others are kept the same.
variable
A quantity that can change
energy store
Collection of objects for which energy can be calculated.
chemical store
Energy stored in fuels, food, and electrical batteries.
gravitational potential energy (GPE)
Energy stored in an object because of its height above the ground.
gravity
Force of attraction between two objects because of their mass
elastic store
The energy store associated with objects that are deformed.
kinetic store
The energy store associated with moving objects.
thermal store
Energy in objects/systems when there is a temperature change
electric current
A flow of electrons around a complete circuit.
light
Electromagnetic radiation that comes from sources (like the Sun) and transfers energy.
heating
Energy transfer process that changes the temperature or state of a material
nuclear fusion
The process of joining hydrogen together in stars that releases energy.
nuclear store
Energy store associated with the process of nuclear fusion
energy transfer
Energy transfer by forces, electricity, heating, or waves.
dissipated
When transferred energy is not useful/wasted.
kinetic energy
Energy associated with moving objects
pendulum
Any rigid body that swings about a fixed point.
period
Time taken to complete one cycle of motion.
elastic potential energy (EPE)
Energy stored in an elastic object that is deformed
deform
To change shape
elastic
A type of material that deforms but returns to its original shape when the applied force is removed.
