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Weatern Civ. > The Dynamic Of Earth Unit 1: 3,4&5 Quiz > Flashcards

The Dynamic Of Earth Unit 1: 3,4&5 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What is deposition?

A

Process by which eroded material is dropped.

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2
Q

What is Gradient?

A

The measure of change in elevation over a certain distance

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3
Q

What is a load?

A

Materials carried by a stream.

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4
Q

What is discharge?

A

The amount of water that a stream carries in a given amount of time.

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5
Q

What is a path that a stream follows?

A

Channel

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6
Q

What is a floodplain?

A

Many layers of deposited sediment that forms a flat area.

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7
Q

What is a meander?

A

Curves and bends that form a twisting, looping pattern in a stream channel.

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8
Q

What is a delta?

A

A fan-shaped pattern that streams deposit their loads.

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9
Q

What is an alluvial fan?

A

A fan-shaped deposit that forms on dry land.

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10
Q

What is water that is located within the rocks below earth’s surface?

A

Groundwater

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11
Q

What is a place where land and a body of water meet?

A

Shoreline

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12
Q

First parts of a shoreline that waves meet is what?

A

Headlands

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13
Q

When water travels almost parallel to the shoreline very near shore what is the current called?

A

Longshore current

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14
Q

What forms when waves erode and undercut rock to make steep slopes?

A

A Sea Cliff

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15
Q

As a sea cliff erodes above the waterline, a bench of rock usually remains beneath the water at the cliff’s base. What is this bench called?

A

Wave-cut platform.

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16
Q

Waves can cut deeply into the cracks and form large holes. As the holes continue to erode they become what?

A

Sea caves.

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17
Q

What forms when wave action erodes sea caves until a hole cuts through a headland?

A

Sea arches

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18
Q

What forms when the tops of sea arches collapse and leave behind isolated columns of rock?

A

Sea stacks

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19
Q

What is an area of shoreline that is made up of material deposited by waves and currents?

A

A beach

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20
Q

What is an underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel, or shell material.

A

Sandbar

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21
Q

What are tiny grains of broken down rock called?

A

Sediment

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22
Q

A rapid movement of a large mass of mud?

A

Mudflow

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23
Q

The first parts of the shoreline that waves meet?

A

Headlands

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24
Q

The current of water that travels parallel to the shoreline

A

Longshore Current

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25
Q

Calcite deposits from the groundwater that form from the ground up?

A

Stalagmites

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26
Q

The movement of water and minerals from the A to B horizon?

A

Leaching

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27
Q

Materials carried by a stream are called?

A

Stream Load

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28
Q

A loose mixture of small rock fragments, organic matter, water and air that supports vegetation.

A

Soil

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29
Q

The amount of water that a stream carries in a given amount of time.

A

Discharge

30
Q

What are the three factors that resulted to s streams ability to erode material?

A

Discharge load and gradient.

31
Q

The top soil of the soil profile that has decade

organic matter is called?

A

A Horizon

32
Q

This horizon is the least developed profile and it has no organic matter and has large rock fragments.

A

Horizon C

33
Q

The different physical properties of soil are called?

A

Soil Horizon

34
Q

Streams that deposit loads in a fan shaped pattern into the ocean is what?

A

Delta

35
Q

Large mass of moving ice that forms from compacted snow is a glacier

A

Glacier

36
Q

The process where eroded material is dropped?

A

Deposition

37
Q

All the materials carried and deposited by a glacier?

A

Glacial drift

38
Q

Shifting of materials from Gravity that influences movement of water rocks, and soil.

A

Mass movement

39
Q

The bowl shaped depression that is carved out from an alpine glacier.

A

Cirques

40
Q

When three or more aretes they form a sharp peak on the alpine glaciers.

A

Horns

41
Q

Wind blown fine grain sediment is called?

A

Loess

42
Q

Thick, flat sheets of ice that spread over large areas.

A

Glacier

43
Q

The largest particle of soil.

A

Sand

44
Q

What is the smallest particle of soil?

A

Clay

45
Q

PH stands for what?

A

Potential of hydrogen

46
Q

On land sand empties out on a fan shaped surface.

A

Alluvial fan

47
Q

A sharp ridge that forms between two cirques on an alpine glacier.

A

Arete

48
Q

What river goes through the Grand Canyon

A

Colorado River

49
Q

A sudden and rapid movement of a large amount of material.

A

Landslide.

50
Q

The process where sediments and other materials are moved from one place to another?

A

Erosion

51
Q

What describes the spaces between soil particles.

A

Pore space

52
Q

What forms when a sea cliff is warn back from shore making a level at the base of a cliff.

A

Wave cut platform

53
Q

The grinding and wearing down of rock surfaces by other rocks or sand particles.

A

Abrasion

54
Q

The removal of fine sediment by wind is called?

A

Deflation

55
Q

The slow movement of material down slope

A

Creep

56
Q

What are three costal landforms that are made by deposition.

A

Beaches, sand bar, barrier islands

57
Q

What is an underwater ridge of sand in the ocean?

A

Sandbar

58
Q

What describes the amounts of differently sized soil particles

A

Soil Texture

59
Q

What happens when loose rocks fall down a steep slope?

A

Rockfall

60
Q

Water that curves and bends into stream channels ?

A

Meanders

61
Q

What are the five properties of soil?

A

Soil texture, soil color, pore space, chemistry, and fertitility

62
Q

What is the measure of change in elevation over a certain distance?

A

Gradient

63
Q

Flat area where layers of sediments are deposited

A

Floodplain

64
Q

Soil profile that has less humus

A

B Horizon

65
Q

What forms when waves cut holes at weak rocks at the base of sea cliffs

A

Sea caves

66
Q

The cutoff when a meanders forms a crescent snapped plate

A

Oxbo lake

67
Q

The remains of decayed organic matter broken down in soil is what?

A

Humus

68
Q

What is a long narrow island that forms parallel to the shore line

A

Barrier island

69
Q

The mounds of wind deposited sand

A

Sand dunes

70
Q

What are the four factors that determine how long it takes for soils to form?

A

1) climate
2) plant
3) animal action
4) topography
5) rock type

71
Q

What is erosion?

A

The process by which sediment and other materials are moved from one place to another.

Weatern Civ. (3 decks)

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