The distribution of neuronal voltage-gated ion channels Flashcards
Lai, H. C., & Jan, L. Y. (2006). The distribution and targeting of neuronal voltage-gated ion channels. Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 7(7), 548–562. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1938
Where are NaV channels in general found in a neuron?
Nav channels are
found in the axon initial segment (AIS), nodes of Ranvier and presynaptic terminals.
Where are Kv1 channels in general found in a neuron?
Voltage-gated potassium Kv1
channels are found at the juxtaparanodes (JXPs) in adult myelinated axons and presynaptic terminals.
Where are Kv channels
KCNQ in general found in a neuron?
The Kv channels KCNQ are found at the AIS and nodes of Ranvier, and Kv3.1b channels are also found at the nodes of Ranvier.
How does excitatory and inhibitory inputs (EPSPs and IPSPs) work?
Canonically, EPSPs and IPSPs from the somatodendritic region spread passively to the axon initial segment where action potentials are generated by depolarization, and travel by saltatory conduction to the presynaptic nerve terminals to activate voltage-gated calcium (Cav) channels that increase intracellular calcium levels, thereby triggering neurotransmitter release.
How are Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic-nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels distributed in neurons?
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic-nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels have a gradient distribution that increases in density from the soma to the distal dendrites.
Where are Kv2.1 channels in general found in a neuron?
Kv2.1 channels are found in clusters on the soma and proximal dendrites.
Where are Kv3 channels in general found in a neuron?
Kv3 channels are found throughout the dendrite.
What is the purpose of Kv channels located in the dendrites?
Kv channels in the dendrites contribute to controlling back propagation. Strong enough inputs in the dendritic region can generate dendritic action potentials.
Where are Kv4.2 channels in general found in a neuron?
Kv4.2 channels are located more prominently on distal dendrites
How are dendritic CaV channels distributed in neurons?
Dendritic Cav channels increase in density toward the proximal dendrites and the soma.
