The Diplomacy and Collapse outside the League Flashcards
When and where were the Locarno Treaties and who were part of it?
-When-1925
-Where- Locarno,Switzerland
-Who- France and Germany, represented by their foreign ministers Briand and Stresemann.
When and where was the Kellogg-Briand Pact and who were part of it?
-When-1928
-Where-Paris, France
-Who-65 countries, including Germany, France and the USA.
Why wasn’t the League involved in the Locarno treaties?
-Germany suggested the treaties and it was not part of the League.
Why were the Locarno treaties significant?
-Seemed as if Germany was accepting the Treaty of Versailles.
-Relationships between countries, especially France and Germany improved- paved way for Germany to be allowed to join the League of Nations.
Why was the Kellogg-Briand Pact significant?
-The fact that the League was not involved made it look like it was a place to talk, not for actual solutions, and this damaged this reputation.
Why wasn’t the League involved in the kellog-briand pact
-Germany and the USA were not members.
What was the Washington Arms Conference?
-1921-22
-Major countries like Britain, the USA, Japan and France agreed maximum size of their navies.
-League was not the one pushing for disarmament, countries like Britain and France attended independently of the League.
What was the Rapallo Treaty?
-1922
-Germany and Russia agreed to work together.
-League was not involved as Germany and Russia were not members.
What caused the Manchurian Crisis?
-1929, Wall Street Crash started Great Depression.
-Japan’s main export was silk, a luxury item that most people could not afford during the Depression.
-Japan became a more militaristic-government looked for land to invade, it would give them more natural resources.
-Japan already had industry and a railway there, looked like an ideal place to invade.
What was the Mukden Incident?
-Happened on 18th September 1931.
-An explosion occurred on Japanese-owned South Manchurian Railway.
-Japan blamed China but the Chinese denied that they were involved.
What happened on February 1932, regarding the Manchurian Crisis?
-Japanese government wanted friendship with Manchuria but the army ignored this and invaded it.
-The people reacted positively so the government decided not to stop the army’s invasion.
-Soon a ‘Puppet leader” (Pu-yi) was put in charge of Manchuria.
What happened on March 1932, regarding the Manchurian Crisis?
-China appealed to the League.
-Japan was one of the League of Nation’s leading members and Manchuria was far from Europe.
-The League did however, issue a moral condemnation.
How did Japan react to the moral condemnation set upon by the League after China had appealed?
-Japan ignored the League.
-The League could do very little since it had no army and its allies did not want to travel far away to resolve the issues.
-Economic sanctions would be useless, Japan’s main trade partner was the USA, who was not part of the League.
What happened on April 1932, regarding the Manchurian Crisis?
-The League sent British politician Lord Lytton to investigate.
-It took nearly a year for him to write his report, by which time Japan has invaded Manchuria.
-Lytton concluded that Japan was in the wrong but, Japan had left the League and went on to occupy more Chinese territory from 1933 to 1937.
Consequences of the Manchurian Crisis for the League of Nations?
-One of the League’s own members had ignore its moral condemnation.
-Without an army of its own the League was powerless.
