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Medical Terminology > The Digestive System > Flashcards

The Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

oral cavity

A

or/o and stomat/o = mouth

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2
Q

uvul/o = uvula

A

soft mass that hangs in back of mouth

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3
Q

pharynx or pharyng/o

A

throat

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4
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus; transports food from pharynx to stomach

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5
Q

-us

A

noun ending

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6
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach; breaks food down and mixes with digestive juices

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7
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine; completes digestion and absorption of most nutrients

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8
Q

ileum

A

part of small intestines

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9
Q

ilium

A

the hip bone

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10
Q

col/o or colon/o

A

large intestine/colon absorbs excess water and prepares solid waste

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11
Q

proct/o and rect/o

A

Rectum; controls secretion of solid waste

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12
Q

An/o

A

anus

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13
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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14
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder; stores bile for later use

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15
Q

lapar/o or abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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16
Q

periton/o

A

Peritoneum; membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

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17
Q

cheil/o

A

lips (-itis, -rrhaphy, -oma)

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18
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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19
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue (-pathy, -dynia)

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20
Q

-pepsia or pept/o

A

digestion

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21
Q

dyspepsia

A

painful digestion

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22
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn (pyr/o is fever, fire)

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23
Q

H2O

A

water

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24
Q

jaundice

A

yellow discoloration of the skin; caused by elevated bilirubin levels; liver not functioning properly

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25
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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26
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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27
Q

aphagia

A

the loss of the ability to swallow (-phagi means swallowing)

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28
Q

append/o or appendic/o

A

appendix

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29
Q

herni/o

A

hernia; protrusion through the body wall

30
Q

lavage

A

to wash out (a body cavity)

31
Q

regurgitate

A

the return of swallowed food into the mouth

32
Q

emesis or -emesis

A

vomiting or expelling the contents of the stomach

33
Q

dysentery

A

an infection of the digestive system; causes severe diarrhea, bleeding, and abdominal pain

34
Q

CT or CAT

A

computed (axial) tomography

35
Q

abdominal ultrasound

A

high frequency sound waves used to visualize internal organs

36
Q

anoscopy

A

visual examination of the anus

37
Q

Barium Swallow (upper GI series)

A

use of barium to see upper portion of digestive system

38
Q

enema

A

solution placed in rectum and colon to empty the contents via a bowel movement

39
Q

barium enema (lower GI series)

A

use of barium to view lower digestive system

40
Q

colectomy

A

surgical removal of all or part of colon

41
Q

colotomy

A

surgical incision into the colon

42
Q

colonoscopy

A

visual examination of the colon

43
Q

colostomy

A

creating an artificial opening into the colon

44
Q

cheil/o

A

lips (-itis, -rrhaphy, -oma)

45
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

46
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue (-pathy, -dynia)

47
Q

-pepsia or pept/o

A

digestion

48
Q

dyspepsia

A

painful digestion

49
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn (pyr/o is fever, fire)

50
Q

H2O

A

water

51
Q

juandice

A

yellow discoloration of the skin; caused by elevated bilirubin levels; liver not functioning properly

52
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

53
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

54
Q

aphagia

A

the loss of the ability to swallow (-phagi means swallowing)

55
Q

append/o or appendic/o

A

appendix

56
Q

herni/o

A

hernia; protrusion through the body wall

57
Q

lavage

A

to wash out (a body cavity)

58
Q

regurgitate

A

the return of swallowed food into the mouth

59
Q

emesis or -emesis

A

vomiting or expelling the contents of the stomach

60
Q

dysentery

A

an infection of the digestive system; causes severe diarrhea, bleeding, and abdominal pain

61
Q

CT or CAT

A

computed (axial) tomography

62
Q

abdominal ultrasound

A

high frequency sound waves used to visualize internal organs

63
Q

anoscopy

A

visual examination of the anus

64
Q

Barium Swallow (upper GI series)

A

use of barium to see upper portion of digestive system

65
Q

enema

A

solution placed in rectum and colon to empty the contents via a bowel movement

66
Q

barium enema (lower GI series)

A

use of barium to view lower digestive system

67
Q

colectomy

A

surgical removal of all or part of colon

68
Q

colotomy

A

surgical incision into the colon

69
Q

colonoscopy

A

visual examination of the colon

70
Q

colostomy

A

creating an artificial opening into the colon

Medical Terminology (24 decks)

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