The Digestive system 4.2.1 & 4.2.2.1 Flashcards
What is a cell?
basic building block of life
What is a tissue?
group of cells with a similar function
What is an organ?
aggregation(collection) of tissues performing a specific function
What are the organs involved in the digestive system?
- Salivary gland
- Oesophagus
- Stomach
- Mouth
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Small intestine
- Rectum
- Gall bladder
- Large intestine
- Anus
What does bile do?
- Neutralises stomach acid
- Emulsifies fat
What does bile emulsifies fat?
so they have a larger surface area
What does the liver do?
produces bile to emulsify fats and neutralise stomach acid
What does the salivary gland do?
releases amylase to break down food
What does the mouth do?
chew food to mechanically break it down into smaller pieces
What does the oesophagus do.
muscles relax and contract to push food down to the stomach
What are the features of the stomach?
- Muscular wall so that it does not get dissolved in hydrochloric acid needed for digestion
- ph2
- protease enzymes
What does the pancreas do?
Produces enzymes (protease, amylase and lipases)
What does the gall bladder do?
stores bile to release into the small intestine
What does the large intestine do?
absorption of excess water
What does the small intestine do?
- produces enzymes(amylase, protease, lipase)
- digested food is absorbed into the blood
What does the rectum do?
faeces are stored here
What does the anus?
faeces exit here
where is amylase made?
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
- Salivary gland
where is amylase made?
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
- Salivary gland
Where is protease made?
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
- Stomach
Where is lipase made?
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
What does carbohydrates get broken down into?
simple sugars
What does protein get broken down into
amino acids
What does lipids/fat get broken down into
glycerol and fatty acids
What does carbohydrates break down?
carbohydrates
What does protease break down?
protein
What does lipase break down?
lipids/fats
