Plant tissues 4.2.3.1

Question 1

What are the different parts of a leaf?

Answer 1

• Waxy cuticle
• Epidermal tissue
• Palisade mesophyll
• Xylem
• Phloem
• Spongy mesophyll
• Guard cell
• Stomata

Question 2

How is the epidermal tissue adapted for efficient photosynthesis?

Answer 2

covered with a waxy cuticle to reduce water loss by evaporation

Question 3

How is the palisade mesophyll adapted for efficient photosynthesis?

Answer 3

layer at the top containing most of the chloroplasts

Question 4

How is the xylem and phloem tissues adapted for efficient photosynthesis?

Answer 4

deliver water and nutrients to the leaf and take away glucose.

Question 5

How is the spongy mesophyll adapted for efficient photosynthesis?

Answer 5

has air spaces to increase the rate of diffusion of gases.

Question 6

How is the lower epidermis adapted for efficient photosynthesis?

Answer 6

has lots of stomata for gas exchange. CO2 diffuses into the leaf and O2 out of the leaf.

Question 7

What do the stomata and guard cell control?

Answer 7

gas exchange and water loss

Question 8

How is a leaf adapted to reduce water loss?

Answer 8

• Waxy cuticle

- Few stomata on upper surface

Question 9

What are is the function and features of a root hair cell?

Answer 9

• absorbing water and mineral from the soil
• large surface area-can absorb water and minerals
• lots of mitochondria-for respiration to make energy for the active transport needed to absorb minerals

Question 10

What are the features and functions of phloem cells?

Answer 10

• transporting substances
• Arranged end to end – to form a tube for cell sap to travel through from the leaves to the rest of the plant for use or storage (called Translocation)
• Holes in the end walls – allow cell sap to pass through

Question 11

What are the features and functions of xylem cells?

Answer 11

-transport water
-Arranged end to end – to form a tube for water and mineral ions to travel through from the roots to the stem and leaves
(called Transpiration)
-Hollow tube with lignin in the cell wall - for strength in the cell wall-

Question 12

What is the structure of xylem?

Answer 12

Thick cellulose cell wall, strengthened with lignin, with a hollow lumen.

Question 13

What is the structure of phloem?

Answer 13

Columns of living cells.

Question 14

Where are stem cells found in a plant and what are their function?

Answer 14

• stem cells are found in meristems

- these cells are able to differentiate into any type of plant cell throughout the life of the plant