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Bio 20 > The Digestive System > Flashcards

The Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is digestion?

A

The process of breaking down organic molecules into particles, which can be used by the body

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2
Q

Physical digestion

A

Process of breaking down food

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3
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Enzymes break down food through hydrolysis

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4
Q

What is an Endocrine

A

Secrete things into the blood

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5
Q

What is exocrine?

A

Secretes things into DUcts

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6
Q

Ingestion

A

Take in nutrients

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7
Q

Digestion

A

Breaking down organic

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8
Q

Absorption

A

Transport of digestive materials to blood and tissues

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9
Q

Egestion

A

Removal of materials from food that can’t be digested

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10
Q

Tongue

A

Physical digestion
Moves food while chewing
Creates Bolis

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11
Q

Teeth

A

Physical digestion
Tear and grind food

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12
Q

Salivary glands

A

Dissolves food for tasting
Enzymes help digest

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13
Q

Bolus

A

Bowl of food after digestion in the mouth

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14
Q

Pharnyx

A

Passageway of food and water
Two branches
Trachea (breath
Epoglottis(stops food from going down trachea

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15
Q

esophagus

A

Goes to stomach
Carries bolus

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16
Q

What is mucosa?

A

Stomach lining

17
Q

Gastric glands secrete…

A

Gastrin
Mucous
Pepsinogen

18
Q

Absorption

A

Alcohol and aspirin absorb in stomach wall to bloodstream
Also some water and salts

19
Q

Example of acid reflux

A

Heartburn

20
Q

What makes up the first part of the small intestine

A

Duodenum

21
Q

What does the duodenum do?

A

Receives secretions from bile duct
Receives secretions from pancreatic duct

22
Q

What is the second part of the small intestine

A

Jejunum

23
Q

What does the jejunum do?

A

Absorption of sugars, amino acids and fatty acids

24
Q

What is the third and last part of the small intestine?

A

Ileum

25
Q

What does the ileum do?

A

Further digests the food coming from stomach and small intestine.
Absorbs vitamin B12 and bile acids

26
Q

What are the finger like projections called on the intestinal lining

A

Villi

27
Q

What are the types of digestion in the duodenum

A

Pancreatic amylase, maltase, sucrase, lactase

28
Q

What is the remaining peptides from the stomach broken down by in the small intestine?

A

Proteases such as trypsin and chymotrypsin

29
Q

What are the smaller peptides called?

A

Amino acids and peptidoses

30
Q

How is the digestion of fats handled in the duodenum

A

Fat droplets are emulsified.
Emulsified by bile salts from liver
Emulsification is physical process

31
Q

How much absorption occurs in the small intestine

A

90 percent

32
Q

What does villi contain?

A

Capillaries and lacteals

33
Q

What types of absorption?

A

Diffusion, active transport

34
Q

What does the digestion of starch start with?

A

In mouth with salivary amylase

35
Q

What does gastrin do

A

Regulates the entry of food in the stomach
Secretes, HCL and pepsinogen

Bio 20 (5 decks)

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