The Digestive System

Question 1

What are the organs included in the GI Tract?

Answer 1

• Mouth
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Large intestine
• Anus

Question 2

Which are the accessory digestive organs?

Answer 2

• Teeth & tongue
• Salivary glands
• Gallbladder
• Liver
• Pancreas

Question 3

What is the function of accessory digestive organs?

Answer 3

Supply secretions contributing to the breakdown of food

Question 4

What are the different types of glands found in salivary glands?

Answer 4

Parotid glands
Sublingual glands
Submandibular gland

Question 5

Is elimination a phase of digestion?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Which is not a phase of digestion?
A.ingestion
B. Movement
C.swallowing
D.mechanical and chemical digestion
E.elimination
F.absorption

Answer 6

C. Swallowing

Question 7

What are the phases of digestion?

Answer 7

Ingestion,movement, mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption and elimination.

Question 8

What happens in movement?

Answer 8

Peristalsis and segmentation

Question 9

What is peristalsis?

Answer 9

Peristalsis – propulsion by alternate contraction &relaxation

Question 10

Where does peristalsis occur?

Answer 10

Esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine

Question 11

Where does segmentation occur?

Answer 11

Small intestine and stomach

Question 12

The digestive process:
What happens during absorption?

Answer 12

Transport of digested end products into blood
and lymph in wall of canal

Question 13

Is stratum basale a layer of GI Tract?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

What are the layers of GI tract?

Answer 14

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Muscularis externa
4. Serosa

Question 15

Same four layers from _________ to ________

Answer 15

Esophagus to anal canal

Question 16

Gatrointestinal tract is direct _____ between _______

Answer 16

Link; organs

Question 17

What enzyme does the mouth contain?

Answer 17

Amylase

Question 18

Epiglottis is a _______structure at the back of the throat that closes over the _________ preventing food from entering it.

Answer 18

Flap-like; trachea

Question 19

4 types of teeth?

Answer 19

Incisors, canines, premolars and molars.

Question 20

what is another name salivary glands?

Answer 20

Tuboalveolar glands

Question 21

Which glands Secrete saliva all the time to keep mouth moist?

Answer 21

Intrinsic salivary glands – within mucosa

Question 22

What are some properties of saliva?

Answer 22

-mixture of water, ions, mucus, enzymes
-keep mouth moist
-dissolves food so can be tasted
-moistens food
-starts enzymatic digestion
-buffers acid
-antibacterial and antiviral

Question 23

What are the extrinsic salivary glands?

Answer 23

•Parotids* - largest (think mumps)
•Facial nerve branch at risk during surgery here
•Submandibular # - medial surface mandible •Sublingual + - under tongue; floor of mouth

Question 24

Some functions of esophagus

Answer 24

1.Secrete mucus
2.Moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called peristalsis

Question 25

How long is esophagus?

Answer 25

10 inches long

Question 26

What is food in stomach called?

Answer 26

Chyme

Question 27

What is chyme?

Answer 27

Bolus + stomach acid

Question 28

Which enzyme is present in stomach?
A. Maltese
B. Pepsin
C. Trypsin
D. Amylase

Answer 28

B. Pepsin and C. Trypsin

Question 29

Small intestines are roughly __________ long

Answer 29

7 meters

Question 30

Lining of small intestine walls has finger-like projections called ______, to increase _____________.

Answer 30

Villi; surface area

Question 31

Nutrients from the food pass into the _____________ through the small intestine walls.

Answer 31

Bloodstream

Question 32

What do large intestines do?

Answer 32

Accepts what small intestines
don’t absorb

Question 33

Functions of large intestine?

Answer 33

Functions
•Bacterial digestion
• Ferment carbohydrates
• Protein breakdown
– Absorbs more water
– Concentrate wastes