The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Where is the heart located?

Answer 1

• In the mediastinum
• Extends from the level of the second rib to about the level of the sixth rib
• Slightly left of the midline

Question 2

Is the heart bordered Laterally by the lungs?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Is the heart bordered Posteriorly by the vertebral column and Anteriorly by the sternum.

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

What Covers the heart and large blood vessels attached to the heart?

Answer 4

Pericardium

Question 5

What is the innermost layer and sits directly on the heart.

Answer 5

Visceral pericardium

Question 6

What is the layer on top of visceral pericardium.

Answer 6

Parietal pericardium

Question 7

What are the three heart walls?

Answer 7

• Epicardium

• Myocardium

• Endocardium

Question 8

What is the outermost layer with fat to cushion heart?

Answer 8

Epicardium

Question 9

What is the middle layer which is primarily cardiac muscle?

Answer 9

Myocardium

Question 10

Which is the innermost layer that stretches as heart pumps?

Answer 10

Endocardium

Question 11

Interatrial septum separates which parts of the heart?

Answer 11

Two atria

Question 12

What is ventricles separated by?

Answer 12

Interventrical septum

Question 13

What does atrioventricular separate?

Answer 13

Atria and ventricles

Question 14

Which valve prevents blood flow into right atrium when right ventricle contracts?

Answer 14

Tricuspid valve

Question 15

What does bicuspid valve prevent?

Answer 15

prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts

Question 16

Which valve prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle?

Answer 16

Pulmonary valve

Question 17

Which valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle?

Answer 17

Aortic semilunar valve

Question 18

Deoxygenated blood in from body comes to which side of heart?

Answer 18

Right side

Question 19

Oxygenated blood from lungs comes to which side of the heart ?

Answer 19

Left side

Question 20

Right atrium contracts

Answer 20

• Tricuspid valve opens
• Blood fills right ventricle

Question 21

Right ventricle contracts

Answer 21

• Tricuspid valve closes
• Pulmonary semilunar valve opens
• Blood flows into pulmonary artery

Question 22

Left atrium contracts

Answer 22

• Bicuspid valve opens
• Blood fills left ventricle

Question 23

Left ventricle contracts

Answer 23

• Bicuspid valve closes
• Aortic semilunar valve opens
• Blood pushed into aorta

Question 24

Is cardiac cycle influenced by Parasympathetic nerves?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

What influences cardiac cycle?

Answer 25

Influenced by
• Exercise
• Parasympathetic nerves
• Sympathetic nerves
• Cardiac control center
• Body temperature
• Potassium ions
• Calcium ions

Question 26

Which valves shut when lubb sound is heard?

Answer 26

• When the ventricles contract, the tricuspid and bicuspid valves snap shut

Question 27

Which valves snap shut when dubb sound is heard?

Answer 27

When the atria contract and the pulmonary and aortic valves snap shut

Question 28

What is the Group of structures that send electrical impulses through the heart called?

Answer 28

Cardiac Conduction System

Question 29

Natural pacemaker

Answer 29

SA node

Question 30

Sends impulse to AV node

Answer 30

SA Node

Question 31

Atrioventricular node

Answer 31

• Between atria just above ventricles
• Atria contract
• Sends impulse to the bundle of His

Question 32

Bundle of his is found where?

Answer 32

Between ventricles

Question 33

Sends impulse to purkinje fibers

Answer 33

Bundle of his

Question 34

Has two branches

Answer 34

Bundle of his have right bundle branch and left bundle branch

Question 35

Purkinje fibers

Answer 35

Lateral walls of ventricles
• Ventricles contract